SUBMITTED BY
SANDEEP BHOSALE
KALPESH CHHAJED
ABHIJEET KALBHOR
ABHIJEET KAPSE

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INTRODUCTION :
Robotics is part of Todays communication. In today’s world ROBOTICS is fast growing and interesting field. It is simplest way for latest technology modification. Now a days communication is part of advancement of technology, so we decided to work on ROBOTICS field, and design something which will make human life simpler in day today aspect. Thus we are supporting this cause.
This project is basic stage of any automatic robot. This ROBOT has sufficient intelligence to cover the maximum area of provided space. It has a infrared sensor which are used to sense the obstacles coming in between the path of ROBOT. It will move in a particular direction and avoid the obstacle which is coming in its path.
We have used two D.C motors to give motion to the ROBOT. The construction of the ROBOT circuit is easy and small .The electronics parts used in the ROBOT circuits are easily available and cheap too.
Scope of the project :
The project uses µc P89V51RD2 as the controlling element. It uses IR (Infra Red) sensors and two IR transmitting circuitry. When the obstacle comes in path of robot IR beam is reflected from the obstacle then sensor gives zero voltage to µc. This zero voltage is detected then µc decides to avoid the obstacle by taking left or right turn. If the sensor gives +5v to µc that means there is no obstacle present in it path so it goes straight until any obstacle is detected.
The two IR transmitter circuits are fitted on front and left side of robot. The two IR sensors are placed near to transmitters’ IR LEDs. The connections can be given from main circuit to sensors using simple twisted pair cables.
Two motors namely right motor and left motor are connected to driver IC (L293D). L293D is interface with µc. Micro-controller sends logic 0 & logic 1 as per the programming to driver IC which moves motors forward or reverse direction.
DESCRIPTION:
Basically circuit consist of following blocks:
1) Sensors
2) Microcontroller 89V51RD2
3) Driver
4) Motors
Let us take the overview of each block one by one.
1. IR Transmitter & Receiver
The IR Transmitter block mainly used to generate IR signal. It uses timer IC555 in astable multivibrator mode to generate square wave which have continuous pulses of 50% duty cycle of frequency 38 KHz. This transmitter is so arranged that the IR rays are focused on the sensor.
IR sensor (TSOP 1738) which gives normally 5v at output of it. After receiving infrared light at output of sensor we get 0v.
2. Microcontroller
This is the most important block of the system. Microcontroller is the decision making logical device which has its own memory, I/O ports, CPU and Clock circuit embedded on a single chip.
3. Driver
L293D is used as driver IC. Motors are connected to this IC. According to program in µc it drives the left and right motor.