NANO COMPUTING

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INTRODUCTION
The computer has already gone through a dynamic revolution. Thirty years ago, computers were the size of a room and incredibly slow. Few people probably would have imagined supercomputers that can do over a trillion calculations per second. Today, the average person's desktop computer is more powerful than the fastest computers were 30 years ago. The only way this can continue is if a new type of computer is developed. This computer is known as a “NANOCOMPUTER”. It may one day replace the modern computer due to many economic and scientific constraints that will one day halt the modern computer’s advancement.
Types of Nanocomputers
Electronic Nanocomputers
Chemical & Bio-chemical Nanocomputers
Mechanical Nanocomputers
Quantum Nanocomputers
Electronic Nanocomputers
 The main difference is one of physical scale.
 More and more transistors are squeezed into silicon chips with each passing year.
 To further decrease the size the concept “Nanolithography” will be needed.
 Nanolithography is used to create microscopic circuit as is it the art & science of etching, writing or printing at microscopic level where the dim of char are in order of nanometer.
Chemical & Bio-chemical Nanocomputers
 Chemical and biochemical computers would store and process information in terms of chemical structures and interactions.
 Biochemical Nanocomputers already exist in nature that are large uncontrolled by human.
 Chemical nanocomputer would proceed to a path similar to genetic – An analogy.
 In general temrs chemical computer is one that process info in terms of making and breaking chemical bonds & store resulting info in terms of
 chemical struture.
Mechanical Nanocomputers
 Tiny Machines & computers would be assembled by the
 Mechanical positioning of atoms or molecular building blocks one atom or molecule at a time ,process is known as “mechanosysthesis”.
 Mechanical Nanocomputers would use tiny moving components called Nanogears to encode information.
 Once assembled the nano computer would operate a bit like the complex programmable version of mechanical calculator.
Quantum Nanocomputers
A Quantum Nanocomputer would work by storing data in the form of atomic quantum states or spin.
 Single-electron memory (SEM) and quantum dots. The energy state of an electron within an atom, theoretically represent one, two, four, eight, or even 16 bits of data. The main problem with this technology is instability.
 Instantaneous electron energy states are difficult to predict and even more difficult to control..
Application of Quantum computers
1. Quantum Encryption
2.Securing the Internet
3.Breaking ciphers
4.Statistical analysis
5.Factoring large numbers
6.Solving problems in theoretical physics
7.Solving optimization problems in many variables
Disadvantages of Quantum computers
 The technology needed to build a quantum computer is currently beyond our reach.
 This is due to the fact that the coherent state, fundamental to a quantum computers operation, is destroyed as soon as it is measurably affected by its environment.
 Attempts at combatting this problem have had little success, but the hunt for a practical solution continues
Applications of Nanocomputers
 NANOSPACE
 CANCEL CANCER
 BIO-NANOTECHNOLOGY
 NANOMETROLOGY
 EARTH STRAIN MEASUREMENT
 AIRBORNE GRAVITY MEASUREMENT
NANOSPACE
 SPACE EXPLORATION
 SECURE SPACECRAFT LAUNCHING
 CONTROLLING OPERATIONS
o PRESSURE CONTROL
o TEMPERATURE CONTROL
 NANOROBOTICS
o NANOROBOTS “ SWARMS “
o SMART CLOTHING
o FIRE FIGHTING ROBOTS “ FOAM SWARMS “
 SUPER EXPLORER ( CONCEPT OF A.I. )
CANCEL CANCER
 CONCEPT OF ‘ ASSEMBLERS ‘ – COMPUTERIZED ATOMIC MOVEMENTS AND CONTROLLING ROBOTIC LIMBS WITH ABILITY TO REPLICATE
 NIE’S EXPERIMENT TO DETECT CANCER USING QUANTUM DOTS
 CANCEL CANCER V/S CHEMOTHERAPY