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The latest idea for the search for a viable successor to silicon computer technology is known as molecular computers, or moletronics, in which single molecules serve as switches, 'quantum wires' a few atoms thick serve as wiring, and the hardware is synthesized chemically from the bottom up. An 'assembler', which is little more than a submicroscopic robotic arm can be built and be controlled. It Can be used to secure and position compounds in order to direct the precise location at which chemical reactions occur. This general approach allows the construction of large, atomically precise objects by initiating a sequence of controlled chemical reactions. Moletronics is expected to touch almost every aspect of our lives, right down to the water we drink and the air we breathe. Experimental work has already resulted in the production of molecular tweezers, a carbon nanotube transistor, and logic gates. Theoretical work is progressing as well. Moletronic circuit--QCA basics The interaction between cells is Coulombic, and provides the necessary computing power. No current flows between cells and no power or information is delivered to individual internal cells. Local interconnections between cells are provided by the physics of cell-cell interaction. The links below describes the QCA cell and the process of building up useful computational elements from it. The discussion is mostly qualitative and based on the intuitively clear behavior of electrons in the cell. Fundamental Aspects of QCA A QCA cell consists of 4 quantum dots positioned at the vertices of a square and contains 2 extra electrons. The configuration of these electrons is used to encode binary information. The 2 electrons sitting on diagonal sites of the square from left to right and right to left are used to represent the binary '1' and '0' states respectively. For an isolated cell these 2 states will have the same energy. However for an array of cells, the state of each cell is determined by its interaction with neighboring cells through the Coulomb interaction.
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please give details on moletronics technology
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hiiiii
thanx
i m so glade to be on this site
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medium please send your project ideas to doddmanifamily[at]gamil.com
i am in searching of it any purely mechanical please
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Presented By
Satish Chandra
[attachment=13245]
MOLETRONICS (AN INVISIBLE TECHNOLOGY)
What is Moletronics?
Usually named as Molecular Electronics.
Moletronics is a branch of applied physics which aims at using molecules as passive or active electronic components.
These molecules will perform the functions that currently performed by semiconductors.
History of Moletronics
Molecular electronics arose in the late 1950s as a visionary program conducted by Westinghouse on behalf of the Air Force.
Molecular electronics reappeared again at IBM in the 1970s and at the Naval Research Laboratory in the 1980s.
Researchers from Hewlett-Packard and the University of California, Los Angeles, announced in July 1999 that they’ve actually made logic circuits that use molecular level chemical processes.
1st electronically configurable molecular based logic gate
Technical Issues for Molecule-Based Computation
Optimists.
Molecules are small
Organic chemistry uses abundant C,N,H,O
A mole of molecules/ems would make a hugely dense machine
Self assembly will solve the
"expensive fab-lines" problem
Molecular structures will be
inexpensive to make (but defective)
FPGA's will provide an approach to configure the machine around defects
Molecules can be arranged into the third dimension
Pessimists
Oxide gates will be 4 atoms thick
Inferior electrical properties relative to Cu, AI, Si, and Si02
Performance will be bounded by heat dissipation limitations
Show me useful self assembly
Making really good devices is less costly than configuring around defects
The machine will be all
interconnects and possible density gains will thus be lost
CMOS is in 2.5 dimensions now ; grain size of poly Si is now bigger than that of a transistor
Advantage over semiconductors
Single-electron memory cell
Some moletronics devices
1. the biphenyl molecule, it works as a rectifying diode:
Traditional Full Adder
Molecular Electronics Full Adder using Molecular Diodes
The Teramac Custom Computer
Capacity to perform 1012 operation in one second. 106 gates operating at 106 cycle/sec
Largest defect-tolerant computer
It has 220,000 hardware defects.
CONCLUSION
The subject of moletronics has moved from mere conjuncture to an experimental stage. Research in moletronics will naturally dominate the next century. Today is the age of information explosion. Polymer materials hold hopes of rapid development of improved systems and techniques of computing and communications. For e.g., polymer optical fibre has a number of advantages over glass fibres like better ductivity ,light weight, higher flexibility is in splicing and insensitivity to stress , etc. all these show that polymers will play a vital role in the coming years and ME shall compete with IC technology which is growing in accordance with Moore’s prediction.
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