03-05-2011, 02:25 PM
Abstract
In this project, we present controlling of a Robot using DTMF technique.
The robot is controlled by a mobile phone that makes call to the other
mobile phone attached to the robot. In the course of the call, if any button
is pressed, tone corresponding to the button pressed is heard at the other
end of the call. This tone is called dual tone multi frequency tone (DTMF).
Using DTMF code, direction of motion of the robot can be controlled by
mobile phone. Robot has a RF camera that transmits an actual video at the
operator’s monitor. Based on the received video, the corresponding
comments can be passed from the mobile phone which is connected with
the transmitter side. The comments will be converted to voice using the text
to speech converter at the receiver side. The voice will be heard via the
loud speaker attached to the robot. Gas sensor and smoke sensor are also
interfaced with the robot. In case of any smoke or gas, the sensor senses the gas or smoke and passes the signal to the alarm. The alarm sound is heard via a loud speaker.
Keywords: Mobile phones, DTMF decoder, controller, RF camera, TV
monitor.
Introduction
Being able to achieve reliable communication is an important open area of research to
robotics as well as other technology areas. As interest in robotics continues to grow, robots are increasingly being integrated in everyday life. The results of this integration are end-users possessing less and less technical knowledge of the technology. Currently, the primary mode for robot communication uses RF (radio
frequency). RF is an obvious choice for communication since it allows more
350 D. Manojkumar et al
information to be transferred at smaller distance. The overall goal of the project is to
control robot over a long distance using DTMF technology efficiently.
Description
The transmitter side is placed in the area which is to be supervised. The receiver
section is placed in the operator side which receives the video from the corresponding
area.
Figure 1: Block diagram of mobile controlled robot.
PIC16F877A
PIC16F877A consists of high performance RISC CPU in which there are only 35
single word instructions to learn. All are single cycle instructions except for program
branches, which are two cycles. Up to 8K x 14 words of FLASH Program Memory,
368 x 8 bytes of data Memory (RAM) and 256 x 8 bytes of EEPROM Data Memory
are available.PIC16F877A is a 40 pin microcontroller
The peripheral features includes a Timer0 which is an 8-bit timer/counter with an
8-bit prescaler, a Timer1 which is a 16-bit timer/counter with prescaler which can be
incremented during SLEEP via external crystal/clock, a Timer2 which is an 8-bit
timer/counter with 8-bit period register, prescaler and postscaler, two capture,
compare, PWM modules. The capture is 16-bit and its maximum resolution is12.5ns.Compare is 16-bit and its maximum resolution is 200ns.PWM‘s maximum
resolution is 10-bit.There is a Synchronous Serial Port (SSP) with SPI (Master mode)
and I2C (Master/Slave).Further PIC16F877A consists of an Universal Synchronous
Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (USART/SCI) with 9-bit address detection.
Parallel Slave Port (PSP) is 8-bits wide, with external RD, WR and CS controls
(40/44-pin only).
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The analog features of PIC16F877A includes a 10-bit, up to 8 channel Analog-to-
Digital Converter (A/D), a Brown-out Reset (BOR) and an analog comparator module
with two analog comparators, programmable on-chip voltage reference (VREF)
module, programmable input multiplexing from device inputs and internal voltage
reference. Comparator outputs are externally accessible.
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