MOBILE ADHOC NETWORKS (MANETS)



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INTRODUCTION :

In a mesh network, each node acts as a
router/repeater for other nodes in the network.
These nodes can be fixed pieces of network
infrastructure and/or can be the mobile devices
themselves . Mobile ad hoc networks can be
defined as mobile platforms or nodes that can
move freely and establish ephemera wireless
networks without central entities to control it.
At a first glance, mobile ad hoc networks may
not seem directly related to mobile identity
management. However, identity management
does not necessarily imply a client-server
structure where a user is communicating with a
server. Also peer-to-peer scenarios in which
users communicate directly with other users
are of interest in the context of mobile identity
management. Mobile ad hoc networks
constitute a technical infrastructure that could
provide a base for both traditional client-server
applications as well as peer-to-peer
applications.

II.WORKING OF MOBILE AD-HOC NETWORKS :

The MANET system consists of 3 parts,
namely Wireless Decision Layer (WDL),
Global Network Statistics (GNS) and
pluggable routing controller .

The WDL resides in the kernel
space and handles routing decisions and packet
forwarding. It also maintains a real-time count
of the number of packets it has sent and
received, and exports these counts to the
GNSM through well-defined proc file system
interfaces.


INTEGRATION OF
FUNCTIONALITY IN MANETS :

A. Discovery of a gateway : to an operator
network to obtain a unique IP address and
efficient routing mechanisms to support the
mobility of users inside the ad-hoc network
with minimal overhead.


ROUTING MECHANISMS IN MANET NETWORKING:

The two different routing approaches for
MANET s : hop-by-hop myopic routing and
end-to-end source routing.

A. Myopic Routing:

Each node only determines the next hop a
packet should take toward its final destination.
A node must determine which nodes are within
transmission range, and then determine the
"best" neighbor who can forward the packet
toward the destination.


BETTER APPROACH TO MOBILEADHOC NETWORKS (BATMAN):

B.A.T.M.A.N. (Better Approach to Mobile
Ad-Hoc Networking) is a new routing protocol
for multi-hop ad-hoc mesh networks.
B.A.T.M.A.N uses a simple and robust
algorithm for establishing multi-hop routes in
mobile ad-hoc networks.

A.PROTOCOL ALGORITHM:

The protocol algorithm of B.A.T.M.A.N can
be described as follows: Each node transmits
broadcast messages (originator messages or
OGMs) to inform the neighboring nodes about
it’s existence. These neighbors re-broadcast
the OGMs according to specific rules to inform
their neighbors about the existence of the
original initiator of this message and so on and
so forth. Thus the network is flooded with
originator messages.