Microturbine Generator Systems
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i want the entire details along with a sorted pdf
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#2
Microturbine Generation System
Microturbine unit (MTU) is well suitable for a different distributed generation applications, because the MTU is flexible in connection method, can be stacked in parallel to serve larger loads, can provide reliable power and has low-emissions profile. peak shaving,
premium power, remote power, and grid support are the applications of MTU. The MTU is operated in
off-grid mode in the case where power from the local grid is
unavailable or extremely expensive to install, or the
customer is far from the distribution system.

MTU Configuration
The major components of the MTU are:
single-shaft turbine with its control system, high speed
permanent magnet generator, power electronic
interfacing (rectifier and voltage source inverter) and
control system for power electronic interface.A loseless DC
bus is assumed. Microturbine is equipped
with controls that allow the unit to be operated either in
on-grid, or off the grid mode.

Modelling of Microtubine:
The model includes the temperature
control, fuel system, turbine dynamic, speed governor
and acceleration control blocks.

Power Electronic Interface
This part consist of a rectifier-inverter
system with DC link. Power
electronic interface in the single shaft microturbine is a
critical component. and is a general configuration of
power electronic interface in the MT units.

in order to achieve the
required total system capacity, all the MT units are connected in parallel. base
loading and peak shaving and grid support are provided by the MTU in the on grid mode. off-grid mode means MTU is completely isolated from the grid.

ON-GRID OPERATION:
Here, the inverter must regulate the DC
link voltage at 0.75 kV, and control the active and
reactive powers injected into the AC grid,taking the set power and voltages into consideration.

OFF-GRID OPERATION:
Here, the MTU should supply AC loads, such
as sensitive, nonlinear and unbalanced loads.

report:
[attachment=1903]
[attachment=1904]
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#3
read http://studentbank.in/report-microturbine-full-report for full report of Microturbine
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#4
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This article is presented by:
MANAS KUMAR PADHI
ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGG

MICRO-TURBINE GENERATOR SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION

Microturbine generator systems are considered as
distributed energy resources which are interfaced with
the electric power distribution system. They are most
suitable for small to medium-sized commercial and
industrial loads. The microturbine provides input
mechanical energy for the generator system, which is
converted by the generator to electrical energy. The
generator nominal frequency is usually in the range of
1.4-4 kHz. This frequency is converted to the supply
frequency of 50 Hz by a converter .The electrical energy,
passing through the transformer, is delivered to the
distribution system and the local load.A mathematical model of a microturbine generator system includes electromechanical sub-system, power electronic converter, filters, interface transformer, local load, distribution system, turbine-generator control and converter control.

TECHNICAL BACKGROUND

MTG ‘s are small, high speed power plants that usually include the turbine, compressor, generator and power electronics to deliver the power to the grid. These small power plants typically operate on natural gas. Future units may have the potential to use lower energy fuels such as gas produced from landfill or digester gas. The generic MTG can be divided into three primary sub-systems :

Mechanical : including turbine, generator ,compressor and recuperator.
Electrical : including main control software, inverter and power firmware.
Fuel : including fuel delivery and combustion chamber.





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#5

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ABSTRACT
MICROTURBINES are becoming wide spread for distributed power and combined heat and power applications. They range from handheld units producing less than a kilowatt to commercial sized systems that produce tens or hundreds of kilowatts. They are also known as "turbo alternators", or "gensets". Part of their success is due to advances in electronics, which allow unattended operation and interfacing with the commercial power grid. Electronic power switching technology eliminates the need for the generator to be synchronized with the power grid. This allows, for example, the generator to be integrated with the turbine shaft, and to double as the starter motor. Microturbine systems have many advantages over piston engine generators, such as higher power density (with respect to footprint and weight), extremely low emissions and few, or just one, moving part. They accept most commercial fuels, such as natural gas, propane, diesel and kerosene. They are also able to produce renewable energy when fueled with biogas from landfills and sewage treatment plants. Microturbine designs usually consist of a single stage radial compressor, a single stage radial turbine and a recuperator.Typical micro turbine efficiencies are 25 to 35 percent. When in a combined heat and power cogeneration system, efficiencies of greater than 80 percent are commonly achieved.
INTRODUCTION
Microturbines are a new type of combustion turbine being used for stationary energy generation applications. They are small combustion turbines, approximately the size of a refrigerator, with outputs of 25kw to 500kw, and can be located on sites with space limitation for power production. Microturbines are composed of a compressor, combustor, turbine, alternator, recuperator, and generator. Waste heat recovery can be used in combined heat and power system to achieve energy efficiency levels greater than 80%. In addition to power generation micro turbines offer an efficient and clean solution to direct mechanical drive markets such as compression and air conditioning. Since making their commercial debut a mere five years ago, microturbines have installed with considerable success in office and apartment building, hotels and motels. Supermarkets, school and college, office and industrial parks, small industries, and numerous other facilities both in the US and abroard.They provide not only electricity, but the thermal energy to provide for all heating and cooling needs.
WHAT IS A MICROTURBINE?
Microturbines are small combustion turbines approximately the size of a refrigerator with outputs of 25kw to 500kw. They evolved from automotive and truck turbochargers, auxiliary power units for airplanes, and small jet engines and are comprised of a compressor, combustor, turbine, alternator, recuperator, and a refrigerator. The engine itself is about the size of a beer keg. The most popular models have just one moving parts—a shaft with a turbine wheel on one end , a permanent magnet generator on other end, and an air compressor wheel in the middle. This assembly rotates at up to 96,000 rpm. At that speed, traditional oil-lubricated bearings are severely challenged. Accordingly the most popular micro turbine engines use air bearing to float the shaft.
Not only is the turbine turning at high rpm, so is the generator. The generator in turn produces a high frequency electrical output, which is then converted by power electronics unit to grid –compatible 400-to-480-volts alternating current, 10-to-60 hertz.3phase power.
Microturbine offer a number of potential advantages compared to other technologies for small-scale power generation. These advantages include a small number of moving parts, compact size, light-weight, greater efficiency, lower emission, lower electricity cost, and opportunities to utilize waste fuels. They have the potential to be located on sites with space limitation for the production of power. Waste heat recovery can be used with these systems to achieve efficiencies greater than 80%.
There is very definitely a trend toward installing microturbine system onsite—not only for generating electric power. But also for meeting site heating and cooling needs. Such microturbine configuration are called combined heat and power, or combined cooling, heat and power (cogeneration) system. The core idea is this: when burning a fuel in a micro turbine unit, don’t just use the resulting heated gases to spin a turbine and generate electricity. There is still a huge amount of thermal energy in the turbine exhaust. Don’t waste that valuable energy to the atmosphere—which is what they do in most central power plants (because there is no use for the heat in remote areas).
Instead, use a heat exchanger to capture much of that thermal energy and use it to meet all the heating and cooling needs of the site. When a microturbine unit is arranged in CHP or CCHP mode, heat from the turbine stack is captured and used to meet some or all the heating and cooling needs of the facility. This makes for much more efficient fuel use. Instead of just using 35% of thermal energy released during fuel combustion (as with a traditional central power plant), with CHP and CCHP one would be using 65% or more of the fuels thermal energy. This realization is a major reason the federal Department of Energy has been strongly encouraging the advance of onsite power generation with CHP and CCHP.
The 30-kilowatt model of Microturbine is very versatile, being able to burn several gaseous or liquid fuels—natural gas, propane, biogas, diesel, and kerosene.
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