michelson interferometer
#1

Abstract:
The Michelson interferometer is a common configuration for optical interferometry and was invented by Albert Abraham Michelson. Using a beam splitter, a light source is divided into two arms. Each of them is reflected back to the beam splitter which then combines its interferometric amplitudes. The resulting interference pattern that is not directed toward the source is typically directed to some type of detector or photoelectric camera. Depending on the particular application of the interferometer, the two paths may be of different lengths or include optical materials or components under test.
The Michelson interferometer (among other interferometer configurations) is used in many scientific experiments and was well known for its use by Albert Michelson and Edward Morley in the famous Michelson-Morley experiment in a configuration that would have detected the movement of the earth through Of the so-called luminiferous ether that most physicists believed at the time was the medium in which the light waves propagated. The null outcome of that experiment essentially refuted the existence of such aether, eventually leading to the special theory of relativity and revolution in physics at the beginning of the twentieth century. In 2016, another application of the Michelson interferometer

A Michelson interferometer consists minimally in the mirrors M1 and M2 and in a beam splitter M. At a source S it emits light striking the surface of the beam splitter (in this case, a beam splitter plate) M at the point C. M is partially reflective. Light is transmitted to point B, while some are reflected in the direction of A. Both beams recombine at point C 'to produce an interference pattern incident on the detector at point E ( Or in the retina of a person's eye). If there is a slight angle between the two return beams, for example, then an image detector will register a sinusoidal banding pattern. If there is a perfect spatial alignment between the return beams, then there will be no such pattern but rather a constant intensity on the beam dependent on the length of the differential path; This is difficult, requiring very precise control of the beam paths. Shows the use of a coherent (laser) font. Narrow-band spectral light can also be used for a discharge or even white light, however, in order to obtain significant interference contrast, the differential path length is required to be reduced below the coherence length of the light source. That may be just micrometers for white light

[Image: michel.png]
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