Please do provide me the code for brain tumour extraction from MRI images .
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A brain tumor or intracranial neoplasm occurs when abnormal cells form within the brain.[1] There are two main types of tumors: malignant or cancerous tumors and benign tumors.[1] Cancerous tumors can be divided into primary tumors that start within the brain, and secondary tumors that have spread from somewhere else, known as brain metastasis tumors.[2] All types of brain tumors may produce symptoms that vary depending on the part of the brain involved.[1] These may include headaches, seizures, problem with vision, vomiting, and mental changes.[2][3] The headache is classically worse in the morning and goes away with vomiting.[1] More specific problems may include difficulty in walking, speaking, and with sensation.[2][4] As the disease progresses unconsciousness may occur.[4]
The cause of most brain tumors is unknown.[1] Risk factors that may occasionally be involved include a number of inherited conditions known as neurofibromatosis as well as exposure to the industrial chemical vinyl chloride, the Epstein-Barr virus, and ionizing radiation.[1][2][4] While concern has been raised about mobile phone use, the evidence is not clear.[4] The most common types of primary tumors in adults are: meningiomas (usually benign), and astrocytomas such as glioblastomas.[2] In children, the most common type is a malignant medulloblastoma.[4] Diagnosis is usually by medical examination along with computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.[1] This is then often confirmed by a biopsy.[2] Based on the findings, the tumors are divided into different grades of severity.[2]
Treatment may include some combination of surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy.[2] Anticonvulsant medication may be needed if seizures occur.[2] Dexamethasone and furosemide may be used to decrease swelling around the tumor.[2] Some tumors grow gradually, requiring only monitoring and possibly needing no further intervention.[2] Treatments that use a person's immune system are being studied.[1] Outcome varies considerably depending on the type of tumor and how far it has spread at diagnosis.[4] Glioblastomas usually have poor outcomes while meningiomas usually have good outcomes.[4] The average five-year survival rate for brain cancer in the United States is 33%.[5]
Secondary or metastatic brain tumors are more common than primary brain tumors,[1] with about half of metastases coming from lung cancer.[1] Primary brain tumors occur in around 250,000 people a year globally, making up less than 2% of cancers.[4] In children younger than 15, brain tumors are second only to acute lymphoblastic leukemia as a cause of cancer.[6] In Australia the average economic cost of a case of brain cancer is $1.9 million, the greatest of any type of cancer