MAGNETO HYDRO DYNAMIC SYSTEMS
#1

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MAGNETO HYDRO DYNAMIC SYSTEMS


PREPARED BY:
JAYANTA KUMAR BEHERA
ELECTRICAL&ELECTRONICS
REGD NO:- 0721218023


abstract

Eighty per cent of total electricity produced in the world ,is hydal,while remaining 20% is produced from nuclear,thermal,solar,geothermal energy & from magnato hydrodynamic (mhd) generators.

MHD power generation is a new system of electric power generation which is said to be of high efficiency and low pollution. In advanced countries MHD generators are widely used but in developing countries like India it is still under construction. This construction work is in progress at trichi in tamilnadu under joint efforts of BARC(Bhabha Atomic Research Centre) BHEl, Associated Cement Corporation (ACC) and Russian technologists.

As its name implies, magneto hydro dynamics(MHD) is concerned with the flow of a conducting fluid in the presence of magnetic and electric field. The fluid may be gas at elevated temperatures or liquid metals like sodium or potassium.


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#2
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MAGNETO HYDRO DYNAMIC SYSTEMS
ABSTRACTION


Magneto hydrodynamics (MHD) (magneto fluid dynamics or hydro magnetics) is the academic discipline which studies the dynamics of electrically conducting fluids. Examples of such fluids include plasmas, liquid metals, and salt water. The word magneto hydro dynamics (MHD) is derived from magneto- meaning magnetic field, and hydro- meaning liquid, and -dynamics meaning movement. The field of MHD was initiated by Hannes Alfvén , for which he received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1970
80 % of total electricity produced in the world is hydal, while remaining 20% is produced from nuclear, thermal, solar, geothermal energy and from magneto hydro dynamic (mhd) generator.
MHD power generation is a new system of electric power generation which is said to be of high efficiency and low pollution. In advanced countries MHD generators are widely used but in developing countries like INDIA, it is still under construction, this construction work in in progress at TRICHI in TAMIL NADU, under the joint efforts of BARC (Bhabha atomic research center), Associated cement corporation (ACC) and Russian technologists.
As its name implies, magneto hydro dynamics (MHD) is concerned with the flow of a conducting fluid in the presence of magnetic and electric field. The fluid may be gas at elevated temperatures or liquid metals like sodium or potassium.
An MHD generator is a device for converting heat energy of a fuel directly into electrical energy without conventional electric generator.

In this system. An MHD converter system is a heat engine in which heat taken up at a higher temperature is partly converted into useful work and the remainder is rejected at a temperature. Like all heat engines, the thermal efficiency of an MHD converter is increased by supplying the heat at the highest practical temperature and rejecting it at the lowest practical temperature.





http://studentbank.in/report-magnetohydr...nology-mhd
http://studentbank.in/report-magnetohydr...-mhd--1031
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#3
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MHD (Magneto Hydro Dynamics) System

Guided by
Er. Sanjeet Kumar Subudhi

Presented By
Sasmita Dhal
Reg. No.: 0701219041
7th Semester
Branch : Electrical and Electronics Engineering
College Of Engineering, Bhubaneswar



MHD (Magneto Hydro Dynamics) System is a new system of electric power generation which is said to be of high efficiency and low pollution. As its name implies, magneto-hydro-dynamics (MHD) is concerned with the flow of conducting fluid in presence of magnetic and electric field. This fluid may be gas at elevated temperature or liquid metal like sodium or potassium. The working fluid here is called plasma.
A MHD generator is a device for converting heat energy of fuel directly into electric energy without a conventional electric generator. The basic difference between a conventional generator and a MHD generator is in the nature of conductor. MHD converter system is a heat engine whose efficiency , like all heat engines , is increased by supplying the heat at the highest practical temperature and rejecting it at the lowest practical temperature. MHD power generation looks the most promising of the direct conversion techniques for the large scale production of electric power.
In advanced countries MHD generators are widely used but in developing countries like India it is still under construction. This construction work is in progress at Tiruchirapalli in Tamilnadu under joint efforts of BARC (Bhabha Atomic Research Centre), BHEL, Associated Cement Corporation and Russian technologists.
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#4
Presented by:
Sarah Herder
Aubrey Spilde
Margaret Zahller

[attachment=10633]
Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Generator
 MHD power generation uses the interaction of an electrically conducting fluid with a magnetic field to convert part of the energy of the fluid directly into electricity
 Converts thermal or kinetic energy into electricity
Where
 F is the force of the acting particle (vector)
 V is the velocity of the particle (vector)
 Q is the charge of the particle (scalar)
 B is the magnetic field (vector)
Conversion Efficiency
 MHD generator alone: 10-20%
 Steam plant alone: ≈ 40%
 MHD generator coupled with a steam plant: up to 60%
Losses
 Heat transfer to walls
 Friction
 Maintenance of magnetic field
 MHD + Steam plant
What we thought in 1975:
 Maximum electric power generation is unlimited by physical principle, only by technological development
 With no dynamically or thermally stressed components, the system is expected to be robust, with high operational safety, and little required maintenance
 Can yield full output of power in between 0.3 to 0.5 seconds à Ideally suited for emergency back-up or reserve power or experimental scientific uses (pulsed power)
 Research under way by a number of countries including the US, China, Italy, and Japan
ENTER:
The Department of Energy (DOE)

èCalled for a ‘Proof-of-Concept’ program to be completed between 1983-1993
 focused development on open-cycle, coal-fired, commercial MHD power plants & creating a database for the private sector
 Tested combinations with other power conversion components (nuclear & steam)
 Results of DOE Research
 “successfully proved the concept of MHD technology”
 Program was discontinued in 1993 due to the high cost of designing, constructing, and operating a complete system
 Much higher than the corresponding cost for other coal-fired power generation options already in use
 Lower efficiency than developing gas turbine technology
More Results of DOE Research
 Knowledge benefits:
 database of technologies for pressurized high-temperature gas heaters
 Contributed to subsequent clean coal technology projects
 “NO realized economic, environmental, or security benefits”
“Lessons Learned” (according to the DOE)
 “Private sector interest in developing a technology, as evidenced by a willingness to cost share in the demonstration process, must be considered.”
 “There must be an understanding of where a technology fits in an R&D portfolio from a priority standpoint, so that decision makers at all levels can be provided with all the information they need to make the best decisions in the interest of the overall R&D program.”
 “Difficult decisions to terminate programs must be made as early as possible and available funds redirected to the areas of greatest potential.”
Other uses of MHD Technology
 The “Yamoto”: a boat built by Mitsubishi powered solely by MHD propulsion
 Can travel at up to 15 km/hr
Final application:
 Caterpillar drive uses MHD technology to silently power sub (no moving parts) so that the Commies can attack the US undetected (but Sean Connery defects and saves the day)
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