References on undewater windmill topic,report and literature review on undewater windmill.

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Tidal stream turbines are often described as underwater windmills. They are driven by the Download your Seminar Reports for Underwater Windmillkinetic energy of moving water in a similar way that wind turbines use moving air. The generator is placed into a marine current that typically results when water being moved by tidal forces comes up against, or moves around, an obstacle or through a constriction such as a passage between two masses of land. There are sufficient numbers of such fast-flowing underwater currents around the world to make this form of marine renewable energy worth pursuing. In figure 1, the areas between the coasts of Ireland and Scotland that are colored magenta would merit the application of tidal current capturing systems. Harnessing the marine currents could also help fulfill the Climate Change Committee’s recent request in 2010 that calls for an almost complete.

decarburization of the UK’s electricity supply by 2030. In their report, Future Marine Energy, published in 2006, the Carbon Trust estimated that tidal stream energy could meet 5% of the UK’s electrical energy needs, reducing the country’s dependence upon carbon intensive imported fossil fuels. Other studies have predicted that tidal generators could produce up to 10% of the UK’s electrical energy needs. A point not lost on the UK government and the devolved administrations who see the industrial growth opportunities that tidal and wave energy could offer. Tidal flows have the advantage of being as predictable as the tides that cause them; both in terms of timing and in judging their maximum velocity. This long-term predictability helps greatly in electricity generation, enabling more efficient grid management and thus reducing the total amount of power that needs to be generated.

Energy derived from the moon now trickles into an Artic tip of Norway via a novel underwater windmill like device powered by the rhythmic slosh of the tides. The tidal turbine is bolted to the floor of the Kvalsund channel and is connected to the nearby town of Hammerfest’s power grid on September 20th. This is the first time in the world that electricity directly from a tidal current has been feed into a power grid. The gravitational tug of the moon produces a swift tidal current there that cause though the channel at about 8 feet (2.5 meters) per second and spins the 33-foot (10 meters) long blades of the turbine. The blades automatically turn and rotate at a pace of seven revolutions per minute, which is sufficient to produce 700,000 kilowatt hours of non-polluting energy per year- enough to power about 35 Norwegian homes (70 U.S homes).

It can also be defined as, Energy derived from the moon that now helps to power a small arctic village. An Underwater windmill-like device gets power from the tides. The gravitational pull of the moon produces a swift tidal current, which courses through the channel and spins the long blades of the turbine.

HISTORY

Two British consultants have developed an underwater pump that can irrigate riverside fields without using fuel or causing pollution. The prize-winning turbine is easy to construct and can work continuously

Originally designed to harness the energy of the Nile to irrigate the desert areas of Sudan, the pump has a three-blade rotor that utilizes the energy of moving water, just as a windmill uses wind. The underwater pump can be operated by a single person with little training.

We build ordinary windmills to extract useful power from wind energy. We put turbines in rivers (usually accompanied by dams) to extract useful power from downhill water flow. The second is more "energy intensive" than the first, which is why we all know that dams are great sources of electrical power, while electric-generator windmills spent decades in the economic doldrums (return on investment --ROI-- is relatively tiny, and only recently proved viable on a large scale).

Anyway, putting the equivalent of a windmill in a steady ocean current, say the Gulf Stream, should have an automatically-viable ROI that is intermediate between windmills and ordinary hydropower. This is because water is something like a thousand times denser than air, so a volume of flowing water contains a thousand times the energy of an equal volume of equally-flowing air.

Do note that the ocean has different currents at different depths. I once read somewhere that near the seafloor underneath the Gulf Stream is another current going the opposite direction. If true, then we can build towers on the seafloor, just like ordinary windmills, to extract power. Being so deep will protect them from ships, and most sea life is found at other depths, so they won't be bothered. Also, another thing that protects sea life is the fact that underwater windmills will have a SLOW rotation rate, due to that same greater density of water over air. This means we can also put windmills in the rich-life upper ocean currents; animals will have time to dodge the blades. (Some life forms, like barnacles, need to be discouraged; probably everything needs to be coated with Teflon or something even more slippery.)