i want embedded c coding for solar base auto irrigation

Irrigation is defined as artificial application of water to land or soil. Irrigation process can be used for the cultivation of agricultural crops during the span of inadequate rainfall and for maintaining landscapes. An automatic irrigation system does the operation of a system without requiring manual involvement of persons. Every irrigation system such as drip, sprinkler and surface gets automated with the help of electronic appliances and detectors such as computer, timers, sensors and other mechanical devices.An automatic irrigation system does the work quite efficiently and with a positive impact on the place where it is installed. Once it is installed in the agricultural field, the water distribution to crops and nurseries becomes easy and doesn’t require any human support to perform the operations permanently. Sometimes automatic irrigation can also be performed by using mechanical appliances such as clay pots or bottle irrigation system. It’s very hard to implement irrigation systems because they are very expensive and complex in their design. By taking some basic points into considerations from experts’ support, we have implemented some projects on automatic irrigation system by using different technologies.

In this article, we are describing about three types of irrigation systems that work automatically and each system is an advancement of the previous one as we go from first system to the next, and so on.

The automatic irrigation system on sensing soil moisture project is intended for the development of an irrigation system that switches submersible pumps on or off by using relays to perform this action on sensing the moisture content of the soil. The main advantage of using this irrigation system is to reduce human interference and ensure proper irrigation.

The Microcontroller acts as a major block of the entire project, and a power supply block is used for supplying power of 5V to the whole circuit with the help of a transformer, a bridge rectifier circuit and a voltage regulator. The 8051 microcontroller is programmed in such a way that it receives the input signal from the sensing material which consists of a comparator to know the varying conditions of the moisture in the soil. The OP-AMP which is used as comparator acts as an interface between the sensing material and the microcontroller for transferring the moisture conditions of the soil, viz.wetness, dryness, etc.

Once the microcontroller gets the data from the sensing material – it compares the data as programmed in a way, which generates output signals and activates the relays for operating the submersible pump. The sensing arrangement is done with the help of two stiff metallic rods that are inserted into the agricultural field at some distance. The required connections from these metallic rods are interfaced to the control unit for controlling the operations of the pump according to the soil moisture content.