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Iris Recognition
Introduction
 Iris recognition is a method of biometric authentication that uses pattern-recognition techniques based on high-resolution images of the irises of an individual's eyes.
 Iris is a muscle within the eye that regulates the size of pupil, controlling the amount of light that controls the eye.
 In this figure you can see the iris.
History
 In 1936,opthamologist Frank Burch proposed the concept of using iris patterns as a method to recognize an individual.
 In 1985, Dr. Leonard Flom and Dr. Aran Safir, two ophthalmologists, proposed a concept that no two irises are alike and were awarded a patent for this in the year 1987.
 It was not until 1995, that the first commercial product was available.
 Recording of Identities
 Creating Generation
 The iris is scanned and data is stored as below.
 Code Generation
 IrisCode Formation
 Measure of Performance
Observations
 Authentification of Iris ( password )
 Iris Scanners
Features
 Here are some key features of "Iris Recognition System":
 Highly optimized code: the execution time reduced of 94%, more than 16 times faster than original code.
 Matching module
 Optimized memory allocation
 Iris recognition
 Interactive and intuitive GUI
 C code included
Applications
 National border controls: the iris as a living passport
 Computer login: the iris as a living password
 Secure access to bank accounts at cash machines
 Driving licenses; other personal certificates
 Anti-terrorism (e.g. security screening at airports)
 Secure financial transactions (electronic commerce, banking)
Advantages
 It is an internal organ that is well protected against damage and wear by a highly transparent and sensitive membrane (the cornea). This distinguishes it from fingerprints, which can be difficult to recognize after years of certain types of manual labor.
 The iris is mostly flat, and its geometric configuration is only controlled by two complementary muscles (the sphincter pupillae and dilator pupillae) that control the diameter of the pupil. This makes the iris shape far more predictable than, for instance, that of the face.
 The iris has a fine texture that—like fingerprints—is determined randomly during embryonic gestation.
 The originally commercially deployed iris-recognition algorithm, John Daugman's Iris Code, has an unprecedented false match rate.
Disadvantages
 Iris scanning is a relatively new technology and is incompatible with the very substantial investment that the law enforcement and immigration authorities of some countries have already made into fingerprint recognition.
 Iris recognition is very difficult to perform at a distance larger than a few meters and if the person to be identified is not cooperating by holding the head still and looking into the camera.
 Iris recognition is susceptible to poor image quality, with associated failure to enroll rates.
Conclusion
 Having only become automated and available within the past decade, the iris recognition concept and industry are relatively new so a need for continued research and testing remains.
 Though the determination and commitment of industry, government evaluations, and organized standard bodies, growth and progress will continue, raising the bar for iris recognition technology.