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Internet: An Overview
The Internet
• A Logical, Global Meta Network of computer networks
• A physical maze and a functional wonder
• A virtual information store
• A comprehensive communication infrastructure
• A global arena for the ``hack¬tics''
• The BEST instance of a cooperative movement
• From the ``Idiot Box'' to ``Notebook''
Terminology
• Link: The physical media interconnecting various nodes of a network.
• Protocol: The set of guidelines for host to host communication on the network ¬ software implementations.
• Internet Domain: A logical grouping of computers on the Internet. The ``top level domain'' is a two character country code, the starting point of a domain hierarchy in a country. Eg: fungi.biocon.co.in
• Internet Address: A four byte network addressing scheme used by the IP layer, expressed in a dotted decimal form. Eg: 202.41.127.5
• Internet Node: A computer providing Internet access and supporting basic Internet Services.
• Servers: Computers identified/dedicated to perform a specific Internet function. Eg: Mail Servers, Name Servers, ftp Servers, WEB Servers .....
A Functional Model
• Internet Domain
• ernet.in
• nic.in
• uunet.in
• ac.in
• co.in
• gov.in
• mil.in
• net.in
• org.in
• res.in
Internet Domain
.com
.edu
.gov
.int
.mil
.org
Applying for an Internet Domain
• Your local Service Provider
• Your Country's Network Information Centre
http://apnic
• The InterNIC
http://internic
• Applying for an Internet Domain
• domain¬reg[at]sangam.ncst.ernet.in
• OR
• Domain Registrar
• National Center for Software Technology
• 8th Floor, Air India Building
• Nariman Point
• Bombay ¬ 400 021
• Telephone : +91¬22¬2024641, +91¬22¬2836924
• Fax: +91¬22¬6210139
Services on the Internet
Network Services
– Registration Services ¬ User/ISP's Registration Information
– Name Services ¬ Domain Name to IP address mapping
• User Services
– Electronic Mail
– File Transfers
– Remote Terminal Access (remote login)
– Remote Computing
– Remote Information Access (Databases, Infobases, Document Archives etc.)
• There are a variety of user services available on the Internet ¬ some Internet wide and some within a specific user community
• Popular Services are largely e¬mail based or Web based
– Mailing Lists (List servers, Newsgroups ...)
– Access to Document/Software Archives
• Most of these archives provide for a mail based interface in addition to online access (ftpmail, info¬servers, archie¬mail....)
• ``On¬Line'' access is the current trend
– Wide Area Information Servers (WAIS)
– Directory Services (LDAP)
– Archie
– Gopher
– World Wide Web
That's not all ...
• Multimedia Services (Audio, Video and Data) are on the rise !
• Multimedia Support on Desk Top / Lap Top Machines
• Bandwidth Availability
• Bandwidth requirement on the WAN
• Technology to utilise Bandwidth
• So, What do you need ?
Hardware
– A Pentium based machine with
• SVGA Monitor ¬ 14/17/19'' & display card
• 32 Mb RAM
• 8 GB HDD
• 1 High Speed Serial Port (38.4 ¬ 115 Kbps)
• 1 Network Interface Card
– 1 V.90/MNP 6+ Sync/Async, Dialup/2¬4W Leased Line Modem
– 1 TCP/IP Router with 1 LAN and 1 WAN interface
• So, What do you need ?
Software
– Operating System
• MSDOS+MSWIN 3.11/WFW OR WIN95/98/2000/NT OR