23-02-2011, 12:19 PM
presented by:
N.RAMA KRISHNA
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POWER HUMP
ABSTRACT
In the present scenario power becomes major need for human life. Due to day-to-day increase in population and lessen of the conventional sources, it becomes necessary that we must depend on non-conventional sources for power generation. While moving, the vehicles posses some kinetic energy and it is being wasted. This kinetic energy can be utilized to produce power by using a special arrangement called “POWER HUMP”.
The Kinetic energy of moving vehicles can be converted into mechanical energy of the shaft through rack and pinion mechanism. This shaft is connected to the electric dynamo and it produces electrical energy proportional to traffic density. This generated power can be regulated by using zenor diode for continuous supply .All this mechanism can be housed under the dome like speed breaker, which is called hump.
The generated power can be used for general purpose like streetlights, traffic signals. The electrical output can be improved by arranging these power humps in series this generated power can be amplified and stored by using different electric devices. The maintenance cost of hump is almost nullified. By adopting this arrangement, we can satisfy the future demands to some extent.
KEY WORDS:
Non-conventional sources, Kinetic energy, Electro-mechanical unit, Speed breaker, magnetic field.
INTRODUCTION:
In the present scenario power becomes the major need for human life .The availability and its percapita consumptions is regarded as the index of national standard of living in the present day civilization. Energy is an important input in all the sectors of any countries economy. Energy crisis is due to two reasons, firstly the population of the world has been increased rapidly and secondly standard of living of human beings has increased. India is the country, which majorly suffers with lack of sufficient power generation. The capital energy consumption of U.S.A. is about 8000 K.W.H., where as per INDIA is only 150 K.W.H. U.S.A. with 7% of world population consumes 32% of total power generation where as INDIA as developing country with 20% of world population consumes only 1% of total energy consumed in the world.
The availability of regular conventional fossil fuels will be the main sources for power generation, but there is a fear that they will get exhausted eventually by the next few decades. Therefore, we have to investigate some approximate, alternative, new sources for the power generation, which is not depleted by the very few years.
Another major problem, which is becoming the exiting topic for today is the pollution. It suffers all the living organisms of all kinds as on the land, in aqua and in air. Power stations and automobiles are the major pollution producing places. Therefore, we have to investigate other types of renewable sources, which produce electricity without using any commercial fossil fuels, which is not producing any harmful products.
There are already existing such systems using renewable energy such as solar wind), OTEC (ocean thermal energy conversions) etc…for power generation. The latest technology which is used to generate the power by such renewable energy is the” POWER HUMP”.
WORKING PRINCIPLE:
While moving, the vehicles possess some kinetic energy and it is being wasted. This kinetic energy can be utilized to produce power by using a special arrangement called POWER HUMP. It is an Electro-Mechanical unit. It utilizes both mechanical technologies and electrical techniques for the power generation and its storage. POWER HUMP is a dome like device likely to be speed breaker.
When ever the vehicle is allowed to pass over the dome it gets pressed downwards then the springs are attached to the dome are compressed and the rack which is attached to the bottom of the dome moves downward in reciprocating motion. Since the rack has teeth connected to gears, there exists conversion of reciprocating motion of rack into rotary motion of gears but the two gears rotate in opposite direction. A flywheel is mounted on the shaft whose function is to regulate the fluctuation in the energy and to make the energy uniform. So that the shafts will rotate with certain R.P.M. these shafts are connected through a belt drive to the dynamos, which converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy. The conversion will be proportional to traffic density.
Whenever an armature rotates between the magnetic fields of south and north poles, an E.M.F (electro motive force) is induced in it. So, for inducing the E.M.F.armature coil has to rotate, for rotating this armature it is connected to a long shaft. By rotating same e.m.f, is induced, for this rotation kinetic energy of moving vehicles is utilized. The power is generated in both the directions; to convert this power into one way a special component is used called zenor diode for continuous supply. All this mechanism can be housed under the dome, like speed breaker, which is called HUMP. The electrical output can be improved by arranging these POWER HUMPS in series. This generated power can be amplified and stored by using different electrical devices.
CONSTRUCTION DETAILS:
The various machine elements used in the construction of power hump are
• RACK
• SPUR GEAR
• FLY WHEEL
• BEARINGS
• SHAFT
• SPRINGS
• ELECTRIC DYNAMO
A dome is mounted on four springs and in the bottom, a rack is clamped. The rack consists contact teeth on both the faces. It is connected to two gear wheels to rotate the gear wheels only in one direction. We have inserted a free wheel in each gear. The free wheel and the gear assembly are mounted centrally. The flywheel is also mounted on the same shaft and the shaft is simply supported at the both ends by means of ball bearings. Now a dynamo is connected to each shaft by belt drive. The output terminal of dynamo is connected to an electrical storing device. The total assembly is arranged in concrete pit.
