19-01-2011, 05:18 PM
[attachment=8296]
BATCH MEMBERS:
K.SATHISH KUMAR
D.SHOBANA
V.N.SRI RANJANI
SEBASTIYAN
SATHISH RAJA
M.ELAKIYA
MURUGAPPA POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE
SM NAGAR, AVADI, CHENNAI
ABSTRACT:
A robot is an “apparently human automation, intelligent and obedient but impersonal machine”. Basically, a robot is a machine designed to do a human job (excluding research robots) that is tedious, slow or hazardous. It is only relatively recently that robots have started to employ a degree of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in their work - many robots required human operators, or precise guidance throughout their missions. Slowly, robots are becoming more and more autonomous. The difference between robots and machinery is the presence of autonomy, flexibility and precision. Indeed, many robots are mere extensions of machinery, but as the field advances more and more, the current 'fine line' will widen more and more.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION:
In this project “Intelligent Railway track detection and dispose the obstacles in track using Robot” two types of problem will faced. Problems are obstacle in track; railway tack crack/gap will be identifying by using the sensors. In our project the ultrasonic sensor used to detect the any obstacle in track will indicate to train through wireless and also one more signal sends to the Robot section. The Robot finds out the location and disposes the obstacle away from the track. At the same time train engine speed automatically controlled by microcontroller.
1. Gap Detector:
In bends or curves, there should be gap between the rails of successive different paths. Even if there is a small gap, the train would get mislead and travel in a different path which leads to collisions in most of the cases. Already there are sensors to indicate the short circuiting of the gaps but practically even a small dust can short circuit the gap which makes the current system futile sometimes. Hence we use adjustable mechanical or elastic claw to find the gap and indicate the gap immediately to the Control Room. In the above figure, a rail road indicating a gap and next to it is an Electrostatic; capacitance-type Gap Detector: VE Series.
2. Vibration Sensor:
It uses piezoelectric effect to detect the vibrations in the rails due to the arrival or departure of train and the direction of vibration indicate the arrival or departure. This could sense the train s position at roughly at 800 to 900 m away. This input is fed to the microcontroller. This could help in avoiding accidents between trains in slopes because the arrival of one train found out using vibration sensor can be immediately sent to the Control Room and the power supply can be switched off within 3 minutes so trains could be stopped without colliding each other. Vibration or shock sensors are commonly used in alarm systems to activate an alarm whenever the devices to which they are attached are touched, moved, or otherwise vibrated. Commercial vibration sensors use a piezoelectric ceramic strain transducer attached to a metallic proof mass in order to respond to an externally imposed acceleration. Piezoelectric vibration sensors used for detecting vibration from various vibration sources are generally classified into two large types, resonant type and no resonant type.
