Industrial instrumentation
The process of measuring and controlling various quantities in industries through the use of various industrial instruments is referred to as industrial instrumentation. To control any quantity, mainly that particular quantity has to be measured. Common quantities used in industries and considered for measurement include fluid pressure, fluid flow, device temperature, fluid volume, movement or position or physical dimensions or acceleration of the Machine, electric current, electric voltage and electrical resistance.
Therefore, after measuring the desired amount, the measured values are transmitted for indication or calculation or control purpose either with manual operation or automatic operation. In an automatic control operation, the amount can be controlled using the control signal sent by the computer to the control devices.
In general, the control devices are electric motor, control valve and electric heater. These instrumentation and control devices are connected to the measuring devices using some physical system called "process".
Most industries are automated to facilitate their operation for this purpose; The microcontroller and microprocessors are required for programmable switching. For example, in many industries, the industrial power program is automated using embedded systems.