01-01-2018, 04:28 PM
Tenth Five Year Plan (2002-2007)
*Tenth plan aims at 8% of G.D.P. growth per year.
*Reduction of poverty ratio by 5% points by 2007.
*Providing gainful and high-quality employment.
*National Rural Health Mission (NRHM), Bharat Nirman, Jawaharlal Nehru Urban Renewal Mission was declared during 10th five year plan
*Reduction of gender gaps in literacy and wage rates.
*The plan achieved 7.7% growth rate.
Eleventh Five Year Plan (2007-2012)
*The eleventh five year plan focused on Inclusive Growth.
*It also tried to enhance further job opportunities.
*The plan gave great importance to the field of education by developing minimum standard of elementary education.
*The plan tried to improve health facilities by providing clean drinking water and reducing malnutrition among children.
*The plan tried to give maximum benefits of government schemes to women and children and provide a safe childhood without any compulsion to work.
*To ensure electricity connection to all villages and B.P.L. households, Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana was started.
*Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojjana has been launched to prepare district level agricultural plans.
*The Aadhar Project and Aam Aadmi Bima Yojana was implemented during 11th five year plan.
*The plan also gave priority to environmental programmes by increasing forest area by 5%.
*Growth rate of eleventh five year plan is 7.9%.
Twelfth Five Year Plan (2012-17)
*The government of India prepares its approach paper for the 12th five year plan (2012-17)
*Twelfth plan focuses on an ‘inclusive growth’ by shifting the target of the government aid to rural areas.
*The 12th plan aims to bring down the poverty ratio by 10 percent.
*The 12th plan seeks to achieve 4 percent agriculture sector growth rate.
*Area of main thrust are infrastructure, health and education.
*The approach paper aims at an annual growth of 9%. Now Planning Commission has revised the target and set it as 8 %.
POVERT
*Poverty may be defined as a social phenomenon in which a section of society is unable to fulfil its basic necessities of life.
*Poverty may be considered as a measure of inequality of income.
*The poverty estimated on the basis of consumption expenditure captured in the five years survey undertaken by the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO)
*Poverty line can be defined as an imaginary cut off line, below which the households are treated poor.
*Four main causes of poverty in India
1.Climatic factors
2.Demographic factors
(i)Rapid growth of population
(ii)size of family
3.Personal causes
(i)lack of motivation
(ii)Idleness
4.Economic causes
(i)Low agricultural productivites
(ii)Unequal distribution of land and other assets.
No Confusion
*The Indian state having highest number of people under poverty line
Ans : Uttar Pradesh
*The Indian state having highest percentage of people under poverty Line
Ans : Chhattisgarh
Economic Committees
*Raja Chelliah -Tax Reforms
*Narasimhan I&II -Banking Sector Reforms
*Ashok Mehta -Reforms in Panchayat Raj
*Sett-Decentralisation of powers to Panchayat Raj institutions
*Vijay Kelkar -Direct and Indirect Tax Structures
*Indira Goswami - Industrial Sickness
*R.S. Sarkaria -Central State Relationship
*Swaminathan-Agricultural Reforms
*Prof: Sukhamony Chakravarthy -Studied to review the working of Indian monetary system
*L.C. Gupta -Trading of shares
*G.V. Ramakrishna -Disinvestment Commission
*Maihotra Committee -Insurance Privatisation
*Damodaran Committee-Reforms in Banking Service
(iii)Decline of village industries
(iv)Immobility of labour
(v)lack of employment opportunities
*BPL (Below Poverty Line) is an economic benchmark used by the government of India to identify individuals and households in need of government assistance.
*It is estimated that those who take food which contains 2400 calories in rural areas and 2100 calories in urban areas are not poor.
*Committees related to Poverty line Lakadawala Commission, Suresh Tendulkar Commission, C. Rangarajan Commission.
*Engel’s Law formulated by Ernest Engel states that with the given tastes and preferences, the proportion of income spent on food diminishes as income increases.
