ABSTRACT :
To maximize the network information on their surroundings. A sensor life under the constraint of extremely network consists of sensor nodes with short- limited power supply is major challenge in range radios and on-board processing sensor networks. It is important to design capability, for ming a multihop network of an ener gy eff icient data gather ing for irregular topology. Sensor nodes must be wireless sensor networks. This paper powered by small batter ies, making energy describes the var ious strategies for data efficiency a critical design goal. Ther e has gathering in wireless sensor networks that been a significant interest in designing takes into account the need for both energy algorithms, applications, and network saving, typical of such networks, and for a protocols to reduce energy usage of sensors. reasonable trade off between r obustness This paper, consider a basic task in sensor and efficiency. This paper introduces networks: gathering data from a Subset of DBMDST [1], Shortest Path Tree (SPT) [2] nodes. Wireless sensor networ ks are similar and Maximum Leaf Tree (MLT) [4] and to mobile ad-hoc networks in that both Localized Flooding Algorithm [6]. These involve multi-hop wireless Communications. algorithms provide an efficient strategy for However, by the nature of the data gather ing retransmission of lost packets by application, sensor networks have several discover ing alternative routes and making unique character istics, and two major ones clever use of multiple paths when are as follows: First, the tr affic is from necessar y. multiple sources to a single destination called
Keywords: BMDST,MLT,MDST,SPT,LFA sink - a reverse multicast. Second, there is
I. INTRODUCTION
likely to be some redundancy in the data Wireless sensor networks have received from the multiple sources - the corr elation in tremendous interest from current computer the data. Data gathering or data aggregation resear ch community in recent years. A protocols allow data sensed by each sensor wireless sensor network usually consists of node to aggr egate through the network and a large number of small, inexpensive sensor eventually reach the base station (or gateway nodes, which are collectively able to form a node). Unlike a routing protocol in which network. Wireless sensor networks have data is transmitted from one or moreSour ce been used in a large amount of applications nodes to one or more destination nodes, a in both scientific and military fields [1]. data gather ing protocol collects data from all Sensor nodes can be densely deployed to (or most of) the sensor nodes (or data monitor the environment and collect useful sources) to one destination node


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