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FUEL CELL TURBOCOMPRESSOR

NATIONAL RENEWABLE ENERGY LABORATORY
FUEL CELL SYSTEMS AND
AIR MANAGEMENT RELATIONSHIPS
FUEL CELL SYSTEM AIR MANAGEMENT PROVIDES:
• AIR AT THE APPROPRIATE PRESSURE AND FLOW FOR THE FUEL CELL
STACK AND IF PRESENT THE FUEL PROCESSOR
• ENERGY RECOVERY FROM FUEL CELL EXHAUST TO REDUCE
PARASITIC POWER REQUIRED FOR THE AIR MANAGEMENT
• FUEL CELL SYSTEM AIR MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS:
• FLOW RATE: AFFECTS THE FUEL CELL STACK EFFICIENCY AND THE
PARASITIC POWER REQUIRED FOR THE AIR MANAGEMENT
• PRESSURE: AFFECTS THE FUEL CELL STACK EFFICIENCY AND THE
PARASITIC POWER REQUIRED FOR THE AIR MANAGEMENT
• TEMPERATURE: THE AIR SUPPLY TEMPERATURE USUALLY TO BE
WITHIN A SPECIFIC RANGE OF THE FUEL CELL STACK TEMPERATURE
• HUMIDIFICATION: SOME FUEL CELL STACKS (E.G. PEM) REQUIRE
HUMIDIFICATION TO MAINTAIN THE ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTION
• WEIGHT AND VOLUME: DEPENDENT ON PRESSURE AS WELL AS
COMPRESSOR TECHNOLOGY

FUEL CELL TURBOCOMPRESSOR OBJECTIVES
DOE/FreedomCAR/Hydrogen technical barriers
4.4.4.2 Technical Barriers
• Although many issues are discussed below, it should be noted that
cost and efficiency present two of the more significant technical
barriers to the achievement of clean, reliable, cost-effective systems.
Transportation Systems Technical Barriers
• A. Compressors/Expanders. Automotive-type
compressors/expanders that minimize parasitic power consumption
and meet packaging and cost requirements are not available. To
validate functionality in laboratory testing, current systems often use
off-the-shelf compressors that are not specifically designed for fuel
cell applications resulting in systems that are heavy, costly, and
inefficient. Automotive-type compressors/expanders that meet the
FreedomCAR program technical guidelines need to be engineered
and integrated with the fuel cell and fuel processor so that the overall
system meets packaging, cost, and performance requirements.
FUEL CELL TURBOCOMPRESSOR OBJECTIVES
DEVELOP AN OPTIMUM (I.E. LOW COST, EFFICIENT, COMPACT
AND LOW WEIGHT) TURBOCOMPRESSOR CONFIGURATION BY
WORKING WITH FUEL CELL SYSTEM MANUFACTURERS AND
CONTINUING THE WORK CURRENTLY BEING PERFORMED.
• REDUCE TURBOCOMPRESSOR/MOTOR CONTROLLER COSTS
WHILE INCREASING DESIGN FLEXIBILITY.
• DEVELOP AND INTEGRATE THE TURBOCOMPRESSOR/MOTOR
CONTROLLER INTO A FUEL CELL SYSTEM


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