human interface device
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Human interface device
A human interface device or HID is a type of computer device that interacts directly with humans, take input from and may deliver output to humans.

History
HID aimed at innovation in PC input devices and simplify the process of installing these devices. very narrowly defined protocols for mice, keyboards and joysticks existed before HID. Any innovation in hardware required overloading the use of data in an existing protocol and creation of device drivers. HID devices deliver self describing packages that may contain an infinite variety of data types and formats. A single HID driver on the PC parses the data and enables dynamic association of data I/O with application functionality.

Components of the HID protocol

the "host" and the "device" entities are present in the HID protocol.The device is the entity that directly interacts with a human, such as a keyboard or mouse and the host communicates with the device and receives input data from the device on actions performed by the human. a computer is the prominent example of a host but some cell phones and PDAs also can be hosts.
The implementation of devices is made simple by the HID protocol. . Devices define their data packets and then present a "HID descriptor"(a hard coded array of bytes that describe the device's data packets) to the host. The host is more complex than the device and the host needs to retrieve the HID descriptor from the device and parse it before it can fully communicate with the device. As all hosts cannot parse HID descriptors, HID also defines "boot protocol". The only devices supported in boot protocol are:
-Mouse ” Only the X-axis, Y-axis, and the first 3 buttons will be available.
-Keyboard ” Any of the first 256 key codes ("Usages") defined in the HID Usage Tables, Usage Page 7 can be reported by a keyboard using the boot protocol.

HID definition of a device
during the report mode,a device is described as a set of controls or group of controls.

for more details, visit this link:
http://en.wikipediawiki/Human_interface_device
http://usbdevelopers/devclass_docs/HID1_11.pdf
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