30-03-2011, 02:35 PM
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Abstract
ZigBee Home Automation is the global standard for the control of appliances, lighting, environment, energy management, safety, and security. It supports a diverse ecosystem of service providers, original device manufacturers (ODM), and original equipment manufacturers (OEM) with a standards-based wireless solution for home and small office automation.
For consumers, ZigBee Home Automation offers an affordable, reliable, expandable and easy way to control their energy consumption, environment, lighting, safety, and security in their homes or small offices.
There are a growing number of interoperable products certified by the Alliance for ZigBee Home Automation. These products represent many of the everyday devices used by consumers and offer the basic foundation needed to make every home a smart home.
1 Introduction:
ZigBee is a specification for a suite of high level communication protocols using small, low-power digital radios based on the IEEE 802.15.4-2003 standard for Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (LR-WPANs), such as wireless light switches with lamps, electrical meters with in-home-displays, consumer electronics equipment via short-range radio. The technology defined by the ZigBee specification is intended to be simpler and less expensive than other WPANs, such as Bluetooth. ZigBee is targeted at radio-frequency (RF) applications that require a low data rate, long battery life, and secure networking.
ZigBee is a low-cost, low-power, wireless mesh networking standard. First, the low cost allows the technology to be widely deployed in wireless control and monitoring applications. Second, the low power-usage allows longer life with smaller batteries. Third, the mesh networking provides high reliability and more extensive range. Here we use 2 ZigBee modules, one connected to the PC and the other is interfaced to the AVR controller through the UART protocol. Using this system developed by us, we can remotely control all the AC/DC home appliances.
1.1 Block Diagram:
1.1.1 Applications:
1. Industrial control
2. Building Automation
3. Residential/Light Commercial Control.
4. Building Automation
5. Pc and peripherals
6. Personal Health Care
7. Consumer Electronics
1.1.2 Future Scope
1. Home Security
2. Temperature information and baby monitoring
1.1.3 Software Requirements
1. Windows XP OS
2. AVR Studio 4.18
3. WinAVR GCC Compiler
4. AT-Prog Serial Programmer
1.1.4 Hardware Requirement
1. DC power supply 5v & 3.3v
2. ATmega8 Microcontroller
3. Buzzer, MAX-232 IC, LEDs , Standard Cable
4. Zigbee Module
5. Relay ‘s
2 Introduction to Zigbee Module
2.1 Description:
Tarang Zigbee wireless modules are low to medium-power devices and suitable for adding wireless capability to any product with serial data interface. The modules require minimal power and provide reliable delivery of data between devices. The I/O interfaces provided with the Module help to directly fit into many industrial applications.
2.1.1 Technical Specifications:
1. Supply Voltage : 3.3 to 3.6V
2. Transmit Current : 45mA
3. Idle/Receive Current : 50mA
4. Power-down Current : <10 µA
5. Rating Frequency : ISM 2.4 - 2.4835 GHz
6. Maximum Transmit Power :Output 1mW (+0 dBm)
7. RF Data Rate : 250 kbps
8. Receiver Sensitivity : -92 dBm
9. Serial Interface Data Rate: Up to 115200 baud
10. Operating Temperature : -40 to 85 °C
11. Antenna Options : Chip Antenna, Wire Antenna
12. Antenna Connector : MMCX
13. Network Topologies : Peer-to-peer, point to multi-point & Mesh
14. Number Of Channels : 16 direct sequence channels
15. Addressing Options : PAN ID, Channel and addresses
16. Mechanical Dimensions : 37mm x 26mm.
17. Interface Connector : 20 pin receptacles, 2.00mm pitch.
18. Data encryption method : AES
19. Board specifications
SP, 8MB SDRAM, 20. Flash memory : 1
21. Dimension : 43 x 60mm.
22. Temperature / Humidity : -20 ºC a 60 ºC / RH 95%
2.1.2 Zigbee Module Picture:
3 Introduction to 12v DC Relay Module
3.1 Description:
A relay is an electrical switch that opens and closes under the control of another electrical circuit. In the original form, the switch is operated by an electromagnet to open or close one or many sets of contacts. Current flowing through the coil of the relay creates a magnetic field which attracts a lever and changes the switch contacts. The coil current can be on or off so relays have two switch positions and they are double throw (changeover) switches.
COM = Common, connect AC supply to this. It is the moving part of the switch.
NC = Normally Closed, COM is connected to this when the relay coil is OFF.
NO = Normally Open, COM is connected to this when the relay coil is ON.
Connect to COM and NO if you want the switched circuit to be on when the relay coil is on.
Connect to COM and NC if you want the switched circuit to be on when the relay coil is off.
3.1.1 Technical Specifications:
1. Part number : NT73 JQC-3FC
2. Contact arrangement : 1AB:1BC:1C
3 .Enclosure : Sealed type
4. Contact Current : 5:5A, 6:6A, 10:10A, 12:12A
5. Coil rated Voltage : 12VDC
6. Resistance Heat Class NIL: 130 deg C
7. Contact Rating (resistive) : 10A/250VAC
