Preserving and maintaining each type of road, road, structures as near as possible in its original state as subsequently built or improved and the operation of facilities and services of the road to provide satisfactory and safe transportation, is called road maintenance.
The maintenance function includes several;
1. Surface Maintenance
2. Drainage and road maintenance
3. Shoulder and approaches to maintenance
4. Snow and ice control
5. Maintenance of bridges
6. Transit service
Road maintenance is closely related to the quality of construction of the original road.
Insufficient pavement or base thickness or improper construction of these elements soon results in costly patches or surface repair.
Shoulder care becomes a serious problem where narrow lanes force the heavy vehicle to travel with a set of wheels off the pavement.
Poorly designed drainage facilities, erosion or deposition of materials and costly cleaning operations or other corrective measures.
Sharp trenches and steep slopes require manual maintenance compared to the cheaper maintenance of the flatter trench and soil by the machine.
In a snowy country, inadequate location of extremely low landfills and narrow cuts do not leave room for snow storage, creating extremely difficult snow removal problems.