15-07-2011, 09:58 AM
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INTRODUCTION
Cardiovascular disease is one of the main causes of death in the many countries and in 1999, it accounted for over 15 million deaths worldwide. In addition, several million people are disabled by cardiovascular disease (WHO, 1999). The delay between the first symptom of any cardiac ailment and the call for medical assistance has a large variation among different patients and can have fatal consequences. One critical inference drawn from epidemiological data is that deployment of resources for early detection and treatment of heart disease has a higher potential of reducing fatality associated with cardiac disease than improved care after hospitalization. Hence new strategies are needed in order to reduce time before treatment. Monitoring of patients is one possible solution. Also, the trend towards an independent lifestyle has also increased the demand for personalized non-hospital based care.
This project “Heart beat monitoring by GSM technology” can be used in hospitals and also for patients who can be under continues monitoring while traveling from place to place. Since the system is continuously monitoring the patient and in case of any abnormal in the heart beat rate of the patient the system will immediately message to the concerned doctors and relatives about the condition of the patient and abnormal details.
To perform these operations the system uses heart beat sensor, GSM modem, and to control all these devices the heart of the system micro controller (P89V51RD2) is used.
1.1 Proposed Work
Some severe diseases and disorders e.g. heart failure needs close and continual monitoring procedure after diagnosis, in order to prevent mortality or further damage as secondary to the mentioned diseases or disorders. Monitoring these types of patients, usually, occur at hospitals or healthcare centers. Heart arrhythmias for instance, in many cases, need continual long-term monitoring. However, the patients are often too early released, owing to need of hospital bed for another patient on the waiting list, who needs to be hospitalized immediately.
1.2 Scope of the Work
Long waiting time for hospitalization or ambulatory patient monitoring/treatment, are other well-known issues for both the healthcare institutions and the patients. This project provides healthcare authorities to maximize the quality and breadth of healthcare services by controlling costs. As the population increases and demand for services increases, the ability to maintain the quality and availability of care, while effectively managing financial and human resources, is achieved by this project. The use of modern communication technology in this context is the sole decisive factor that makes such communication system successful.
1.3 Design Methodology
In transmitter circuit the Heat Beat is measured by LED and LDR, then it is applied to the microcontroller. The Microcontroller maintains the records of the measured readings. It compares the measured heart beat with the normal readings and checks it is within the normal range or not. If it is normal, then it sends the message as normal otherwise it sends abnormal to the specified mobile number. The time specified for sending message is given by the user.
CHAPTER 2
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
2.1 INTRODUCTION
Embedded systems are one of the emerging technologies which are touching every nook and corner of the mind. “It is impossible to live without these embedded gadgets”-says ELECTRONICS magazine. From the above statement, the liveliness of embedded system can be understood. Data communications is one of the most rapidly growing commercial market areas today, especially “wireless communications”. In the past few years, wireless data communications has grown from an obscure and expensive curiosity into a practical and affordable communication and networking technology.The convenience of wireless is very appealing as not to deal with running cables to and from devices in order to interconnect them, and wireless devices can be moved to any location within the transmission range, while still being able to communicate and broadcast data. Due to this, it is expected that wireless data communications will become even more popular and more extensively used in the medical field. Currently the most popular method of wireless communications is radio frequency transmission. As these devices have a very low power consumption and power output, perhaps more importantly devices can achieve good data transmission rates.
