21-07-2011, 02:29 PM
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1.1. Introduction
Digital signal processing is one of the core technologies, in rapidly growing application
areas, such as wireless communications, audio and video processing and industrial control. The
number and variety of products that include some form of digital signal processing has grown
dramatically over the last few years. DSP has become a key component, in many of the
consumer, communications, medical and industrial products which implement the signal
processing using microprocessors, Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), Custom ICs etc.
Due to increasing popularity of the above mentioned applications, the variety of the DSP-capable
processors has expanded greatly. DSPs are processors or microcomputers whose hardware,
software, and instruction sets are optimized for high-speed numeric processing applications, an
essential for processing digital data, representing analog signals in real time. The DSP processors
have gained increased popularity because of the various advantages like reprogram ability in the
field, cost-effectiveness, speed, energy efficiency etc.
Digital signal processors such as the TMS320C6x (C6x) family of processors are like fast
special-purpose microprocessors with a specialized type of architecture and an instruction set
appropriate for signal processing. The C6x notation is used to designate a member of Texas
Instruments‟ (TI) TMS320C6000 family of digital signal processors. The architecture of the C6x
digital signal processor is very well suited for numerically intensive calculations. Based on a
very-long-instruction-word (VLIW) architecture, the C6x is considered to be TI‟s most powerful
processor. Digital signal processors are used for a wide range of applications, from
communications and controls to speech and image processing. The general-purpose digital signal
processor is dominated by applications in communications (cellular). Applications embedded
digital signal processors are dominated by consumer products. They are found in cellular phones,
fax/modems, disk drives, radio, printers, hearing aids, MP3 players, high-definition television
(HDTV), digital cameras, and so on. These processors have become the products of choice for a
number of consumer applications, since they have become very cost-effective. They can handle
different tasks, since they can be reprogrammed readily for a different application.
DSP techniques have been very successful because of the development of low-cost
software and hardware support. For example, modems and speech recognition can be less
expensive using DSP techniques. DSP processors are concerned primarily with real-time signal
processing. Real time processing requires the processing to keep pace with some external event,
whereas non-real-time processing has no such timing constraint. The external event to keep pace
with is usually the analog input. Whereas analog-based systems with discrete electronic
components such as resistors can be more sensitive to temperature changes, DSP-based systems
are less affected by environmental conditions. DSP processors enjoy the advantages of
microprocessors. They are easy to use, flexible, and economical.
