EMERGING THREAT TO HUMAN HEALTH FROM MULTI DRUG RESISTANCE MICROBES IN FOOD OF ANIMAL ORIGIN
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EMERGING PATHOGENS

Three concepts:

New:- not previously recognized to cause serious hazards
Evolving:- become more potent and thus causing number of outbreaks in a

wide geographic range

Emerging:- newly aroused


Resistance to Wonder Drugs


.Resistance is negating ” wonder” drugs
.Antibiotics – the miracle drugs of the 20th century – no longer work as they once did.

1945 - Alexander Fleming claims that the misuse of penicillin could lead to “the selection and propagation of mutant forms of bacteria which are resistant to the drug,”

Many of emerging pathogens are resistant to antimicrobial agents

Limiting the choice for treatment (public health concern)


Common misuses of antibiotics


Taking when they are not needed: in viral infections
-When needed, taking incorrectly: stopping the medicine when one feel better , sharing or using someone else’s medicine

Self prescriber

in countries with poor health care services –use of broad spectrum antibiotics without prescription

use for non-therapeutic purposes – e.g. growth promotion or improved production in livestock


Where Does Resistance Develop?


In populations of bacteria

Animal guts (including humans) are filled with live bacteria

The guts of animals, fed antibiotics in food and water, are filled with resistant bacteria