06-02-2012, 04:42 PM
EMBEDDED SYSTEMS full report
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INTRODUCTION TO EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
Embedded systems are the systems which performs a specific or a pre-defined task. It is the combination of hardware and software. It is nothing but a computer inside a product. It is a programmable hardware design nothing but an electronic chip.
A general-purpose definition of embedded systems is that they are devices used to control, monitor or assist the operation of equipment, machinery or plant. “Embedded” reflects the fact that they are an integral part of the system. In many cases their embedded ness may be such that their presence is far from obvious to the casual observer and even the equipment for sometime before being able to conclude that an embedded control system was involved in its functioning. At the other extreme a general-purpose computer may be used to control the operation of a large complex processing plant, and its presence will be obvious.
All embedded systems include computers or microprocessors. Some of these computers are how ever very simple systems as compared with a personal computer.
The very simplest embedded systems are capable of performing only single functions to meet single functions to meet a single predetermined purpose. In more complex systems an application program that enables the embedded system to be used for a particular purpose in a specific application determines the functioning of the embedded systems. The ability to have programs means that the same embedded system can be used for a variety of purposes. In some cases a microprocessor may be designed in such way that application software for a particular purpose can be added to the basic software in a second process, after which it is not possible to make further changes. The applications software on such processors is sometimes referred to as firmware.
PROCESSORS:
Processors are the ones which performs some specific task or operation. These are divided in to several types like:
1. Digital Signal Processors.
2. Application Specific Integrated Circuits.
3. Micro Processors.
4. Micro Controllers.
1.2.1 Digital Signal Processors:
This is a one which performs scientific and mathematical Calculations. The output of this type of processors will be in floating point values. Hence, we can get accurate values as outputs.
Best example of a Digital Signal Processors will be Weather Forecasting.
1.2.2 Applications specific Integrated Circuits:
As the name itself specifies, this is integrated circuit designed for a specific application. IC designed for one specific application cannot be used in other applications.
Best Example for ASIC will be Cell phone card.
Introduction to applications of Embedded System:
Embedded Controllers may be found in many different kinds of system and are used for many different applications. The list, which follows, is a indicative rather than exhaustive. An item in the list may be relevant to a particular company because either
(a) It is or involves a core process or product,
(b) It is or involves an ancillary function or services performed by the company or
© It refers to a product or services provided by a contractor under some form of agreement and the vulnerability of the supplier may need to be considered.
1.2.6 List of Applications of Embedded Systems:
(a) Manufacturing and process control:
• Manufacturing plants.
• Water and sewage systems.
• Power stations.
• Power grid systems.
[attachment=17214]
INTRODUCTION TO EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
Embedded systems are the systems which performs a specific or a pre-defined task. It is the combination of hardware and software. It is nothing but a computer inside a product. It is a programmable hardware design nothing but an electronic chip.
A general-purpose definition of embedded systems is that they are devices used to control, monitor or assist the operation of equipment, machinery or plant. “Embedded” reflects the fact that they are an integral part of the system. In many cases their embedded ness may be such that their presence is far from obvious to the casual observer and even the equipment for sometime before being able to conclude that an embedded control system was involved in its functioning. At the other extreme a general-purpose computer may be used to control the operation of a large complex processing plant, and its presence will be obvious.
All embedded systems include computers or microprocessors. Some of these computers are how ever very simple systems as compared with a personal computer.
The very simplest embedded systems are capable of performing only single functions to meet single functions to meet a single predetermined purpose. In more complex systems an application program that enables the embedded system to be used for a particular purpose in a specific application determines the functioning of the embedded systems. The ability to have programs means that the same embedded system can be used for a variety of purposes. In some cases a microprocessor may be designed in such way that application software for a particular purpose can be added to the basic software in a second process, after which it is not possible to make further changes. The applications software on such processors is sometimes referred to as firmware.
PROCESSORS:
Processors are the ones which performs some specific task or operation. These are divided in to several types like:
1. Digital Signal Processors.
2. Application Specific Integrated Circuits.
3. Micro Processors.
4. Micro Controllers.
1.2.1 Digital Signal Processors:
This is a one which performs scientific and mathematical Calculations. The output of this type of processors will be in floating point values. Hence, we can get accurate values as outputs.
Best example of a Digital Signal Processors will be Weather Forecasting.
1.2.2 Applications specific Integrated Circuits:
As the name itself specifies, this is integrated circuit designed for a specific application. IC designed for one specific application cannot be used in other applications.
Best Example for ASIC will be Cell phone card.
Introduction to applications of Embedded System:
Embedded Controllers may be found in many different kinds of system and are used for many different applications. The list, which follows, is a indicative rather than exhaustive. An item in the list may be relevant to a particular company because either
(a) It is or involves a core process or product,
(b) It is or involves an ancillary function or services performed by the company or
© It refers to a product or services provided by a contractor under some form of agreement and the vulnerability of the supplier may need to be considered.
1.2.6 List of Applications of Embedded Systems:
(a) Manufacturing and process control:
• Manufacturing plants.
• Water and sewage systems.
• Power stations.
• Power grid systems.
