Submitted by
U.POONGOTHAI
ANITHA
MENAKA

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ABSTRACT
This project is used to monitor the multiple remote petroleum oilfield banks status by using wireless communication based on embedded technology. In our project designed for to provide the wireless security for remote multiple petroleum banks by using compact embedded security sensors. Here we have to use multiple sensors to monitor the petroleum bank status like wireless oil well shutdown alarm, oil well power failure alarm, oil well running, oil theft and some wireless night patrol point are used to provide the security of this each petroleum bank.
This project split into two sections to provide the automation of wireless security system. One is that wireless remote transmitter section and another one is that wireless central monitoring system. This transmitter section was placed on each remote petrol bank and the receiver central unit was placed on central monitoring area. This wireless transmitter section was contain wireless oil well shutdown alarm, oil well power failure alarm, oil well running, and oil theft checking alarm and wireless night patrol point also. The core of a wireless transmitter and some launchers adopt advanced embedded technology. This central unit was containing a wireless receiver and a wireless alarm controller in the system. The core of a wireless receiver and some launchers adopt advanced embedded technology. This can improve the level of oilfield security, enhance it’s the security checking, strengthen the management of it’s the digitalization and informatization. It has the important significance and social and economic benefits for the dependability and the controllability of remote communication
CHAPTER -1
INTRODUCTION
Using wireless and embedded technologies, a security managing system is designed, which can be used for both areas of guard against theft and night patrol. This project contain two level scheme, the first level is consist of a some remote controllers, which include wireless oil well shutdown alarm, oil well power failure alarm, oil well running and oil theft alarm and some wireless night patrol point. It can send message by the wireless transmitter.
The second level is consisting of a wireless receiver and a wireless alarm controller in the system. The function of a wireless receiver can receive the information of some front-end remote transmitters.
The system designed in this article employ wireless system in the front-end of data acquisition, which consists of oil well shutdown alarm, oil well running alarm, power failure alarm, oil stealing alarm, night patrol alarm.
1.1 Function of oil well shutdown alarm:
Wireless transmitter is installed on starter of the power distribution box. When the oil well is shutdown and the belt of pumping is fracture, it send a wireless information. And then passing through wireless receiver, the information is sent to duty room and is received and is taken by the operator on duty in real-time, so as to reduce the time of oil well shutdown.
1.2 Function of oil well running alarm:
After solve problems of fault, we need to make oil well running. So, transmitter will send a message when the oil well is restarted. The green lamp will be lighted, the buzzer will send out monotone alarm sound when the receiver receives a message with running alarm, which suggested that the oil well could go normal.
1.3 Function of power failure alarm:
Wireless transmitter is installed on the power. The wireless transmitter is automatically converted into working state of dc battery of the internal when the power stops, meanwhile, the wireless transmitter send a message with power failure alarm, which is received by the receiver and the operator on duty is suggested that a warning signal. Because the first step of criminals will stop the power when the electrical circuitry equipment is destroyed. So, this function can widely used in many situations, such as prevent the transmission line from being stolen, prevent the transformer from being stolen and so on.
1.4 Function of guard against theft oil alarm:
The criminals must rotate the handle on the well location when they steal oil. Because the remote control as protection is installed on the handle, it will sent a wireless signal to the launcher when the emergency of theft is happened, then through secondary emission of the launcher, the message will be received by the receiver in the control center of several kilometers away, the message to sound and to light will notice the duty human. This will lead to the failure of criminals’ attaining their purpose.
1.5 Function of the night patrol alarm:
In order to ensure safe operation of the oil production, the oil workers must be go everywhere and check the equipment on time every day, it is because the well location is not only widely distributed in oil, but also the oil production adopt working state without watch. After the oil production workers arrive at the oil well around several meters of the distribution box, to click the button on the remote controller, and the remote controller sent a message to the launcher, and then send it to the host receiver in the control center to record the number of the well location, the number of workers and the time immediately.
CHAPTER -2
AIM AND SCOPE OF PRESENT INVESTIGATION
2.1 Aim of the project
This project is to monitor the oil well shutdown, oil well power failure, oil well good running and oil theft. If any instruction is detected, the message sends to the authority person using GSM technology and finally inform to voice alarm.
2.2 Scope of present investigation
This project is designed with Microcontroller, RF Transmitter, Receiver, limit switch, IR Transmitter, Receiver, power detection circuit ,GSM Modem, Voice Processing Unit.
2.3 BLOCK DIAGRAM
2.3.1 RF Transmitter:
Node 1:
Node 2:
2.3.2 RF Receiver:
CHAPTER -3
EXPERIMENTAL METHOD USED
3.1 PORTABLE HARDWARE EQUIPMENT LAYOUT
3.1.1 NODE 1(TRANSMITTING SECTION)
3.1.1.1 IR TRANSMITTER AND IR RECEIVER
Overview
This sensor can be used for most indoor applications where no important ambient light is present. For simplicity, this sensor doesn't provide ambient light immunity, but a more complicated, ambient light ignoring sensor should be discussed in a coming article. However, this sensor can be used to measure the speed of object moving at a very high speed, like in industry or in tachometers. In such applications, ambient light ignoring sensor, which rely on sending 40 kHz pulsed signals cannot be used because there are time gaps between the pulses where the sensor is 'blind'...
The solution proposed doesn't contain any special components, like photo-diodes, photo-transistors, or IR receiver ics, only a couple if IR led’s, an op amp, a transistor and a couple of resistors. In need, as the title says, a standard IR led is used for the purpose of detection. Due to that fact, the circuit is extremely simple, and any novice electronics hobbyist can easily understand and build it.
Object detection using IR light
It is the same principle in all infra-red proximity sensors. The basic idea is to send infra red light through IR-led’s, which is then reflected by any object in front of the sensor.
Then all you have to do is to pick-up the reflected IR light. For detecting the reflected IR light, we are going to use a very original technique: we are going to use another IR-led, to detect the IR light that was emitted from another led of the exact same type!
This is an electrical property of light emitting diodes (led’s) which is the fact that a led produce a voltage difference across its leads when it is subjected to light. As if it was a photo-cell, but with much lower output current. In other words, the voltage generated by the led’s can't be - in any way - used to generate electrical power from light, it can barely be detected. That's why as you will notice in the
Schematic, we are going to use a op-amp (operational amplifier) to accurately detect very small voltage changes.
Components positioning:
The correct positioning of the sender led, the receiver led with regard to each other and to the op-amp can also increase the performance of the sensor. First, we need to adjust the position of the sender led with respect to the receiver led, in such a way they are as near as possible to each others , while preventing any IR light to be picked up by the receiver led before it hit and object and returns back. The easiest way to do that is to put the sender(s) led(s) from one side of the PCB, and the receiver led from the other side, as shown in the 3d model below.
This 3d model shows the position of the led’s. The green plate is the PCB holding the electronic components of the sensor. You can notice that the receiver led is positioned under the PCB, this way, there won’t be ambient light falling directly on it, as ambient light usually comes from the top.
It is also clear that this way of positioning the led’s preventing the emitted IR light to be detected before hitting an eventual obstacle.
Another important issue about components positioning, is the distance between the receiver led and the op-amp. This should be as small as possible. Generally speaking, the length of wires or PCB tracks before an amplifier should be reduced; otherwise, the amplifier will amplify - along with the original signal - a lot of noise picked up from the electromagnetic waves traveling the surrounding.
Here is an example PCB where the distance between the led and the op-amp is shown. Sure this distance is not as critical as you may think; it can be up to 35mm without causing serious problems, but trying to reduce this distance will always give you better results.
Actually, when I design the PCB, I start by placing the receiver led and the op-amp, as near to each others as possible, and then continue the rest of the design.