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Electricity
Training Agenda: Electricity
• Future electricity scenario
• Generation & distribution
• Phase of electricity
• Active and reactive power
• Power factor correction
• Electrical load management
• Electrical billing mechanisms
• Transformers
Electricity
General Electricity Scenario
• Development can be measured by a nation’s electricity consumption
• Electricity usage is divided into:
a) Industrial
b) Commercial and residential
c) Agriculture and irrigation
• Electricity important input for industry
International Energy Agency predicts for 2030:
• 78% of population in developing countries has access to electricity
• 1.4 billion people no access
• 665 billion US$ needed to overcome this
• How can electricity supply shortage be solved?
• Renovation and modernization of plants, transmission and distribution systems
• Demand side management with the utilization of energy efficiency technologies
• Awareness raising among energy users
Generation & Distribution
• Electricity generation: fossil fuels and uranium
• Renewable energy is growing
• AC generators (“alternators”) generate electricity
o Electricity generated at 9-13 KV
o Power generated from 67.5 to 1000 MW
• Power stations: generating transformers (GTs) to increase voltage to 132-400 KV
• Substations: step-down transformers to reduce voltage before distribution
Benefits of high voltage transmission
• Less voltage drop: good voltage regulation
• Less power loss: high transmission efficiency
• Smaller conductor: lower costs