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Abstract

Wine makes it possible to run Windows programs alongside any Unix-like operating system, particularly Linux. At its heart, Wine is an implementation of the Windows Application Programming Interface (API) library, acting as a bridge between the Windows program and Linux.Think of Wine as a compatibility layer, when a Windows program tries to perform a function that Linux doesn't normally understand, Wine will translate that program's instruction into one supported by the system. For example, if a program asks the system to create a Windows pushbutton or text-edit field, Wine will convert that instruction into its Linux equivalent in the form of a command to the window manager using the standard X11 protocol.

Wine is often used as a recursive acronym, standing for "Wine Is Not an Emulator". Sometimes it is also known to be used for "Windows Emulator" (An emulator duplicates (provides an emulation of) the functions of one system using a different system, so that the second system behaves like (and appears to be) the first system.). In a way, both meanings are correct, only seen from different perspectives.

The first meaning says that Wine is not a virtual machine, it does not emulate a CPU, and you are not supposed to install Windows nor any Windows device drivers on top of it; rather, Wine is an implementation of the Windows API, and can be used as a library to port Windows applications to UNIX. The second meaning, obviously, is that to Windows binaries (.exe files), Wine does look like Windows, and emulates its behaviour and quirks rather closely.

Introduction of Wine
Throughout the course of its development, Wine has continually grown in the features it carries and the programs it can run. A partial list of these features follows:

• Support for running Win32 (Win 95/98, NT/2000/XP), Win16 (Win 3.1) and DOS programs.

• Optional use of external vendor DLL files (such as those included with Windows).

• X11-based graphics display, allowing remote display to any X terminal, as well as a text mode console.

• Desktop-in-a-box or mixable windows.

• DirectX support for games.

• Modem, serial device support.

• ASPI interface (SCSI) support for scanners, CD writers, and other devices.

• Advanced unicode and foreign language support.

By far the easiest method for installing Wine is to use a prepackaged version of Wine. These packages contain ready-to-run Wine binary files specifically compiled for your distribution, and they are tested regularly by the packagers for both functionality and completeness.