DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING


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INTRODUCTION


Digital image processing is the technology of applying a number of computer algorithms to process digital images. The outcomes of this process can be either images or a set of representative characteristics or properties of the original images.

The application of digital image processing have been commonly found in robotics/intelligent systems, medical imaging, remote sensing, photography and forensices.


What Is Digital Image Processing


An image may be defined as a two-dimensional function, f(x, y), where x and y are spatial (plane) coordinates, and the amplitude of f at any pair of coordinates (x, y) is called the intensity or gray level of the image at that point.

When x, y, and the amplitude values of f are all finite, discrete quantities, we call the image a digital image.

Digital Image Processing refers to processing digital images by means of a digital computer.


Low-level processes involve primitive operations such as image preprocessing to reduce noise, contrast enhancement, and image sharpening. A low-level process is characterized by the fact that both its inputs and outputs are images.

Mid-level processing on images involves tasks such as segmentation (partitioning an image into regions or objects), description of those objects to reduce them to a form suitable for computer processing, and classification (recognition) of individual objects.


The Origins Of Digital Image Processing


One of the first applications of digital images was in the newspaper industry, when pictures were first sent by submarine cable between London and New York.

Introduction of the Bartlane cable picture transmission system in the early 1920s reduced the time required to transport a picture across the Atlantic from more than a week to less than three hours. Specialized printing equipment coded pictures for cable transmission and then reconstructed them at the receiving end.



A finite number of elements, each of which has a particular location and Value.