diagrams for digilocker system
#1

Plz provide uml diagrams for digilocker software
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#2
Abstract
This document offers a standardized mechanism to issue government documents to Aadhaar
holders in electronic and printable formats, store them, and make it shareable with various
agencies. This allows government issued documents to be moved to electronic form and make it
available for real-time access in a set of “digital repositories”. This solution also offers multiple
digital locker providers and access gateways to co-exist to enable healthy ecosystem play. Usage of
Aadhaar ensures that document owner is strongly authenticable eliminating document frauds. In
addition to supporting new documents to be made electronic and online accessible, this solution
also offers a way to digitize older documents. Proposal also offers a mechanism by which “digital
lockers” can be offered by service providers and suggestion to provide “a default digital locker”
portal and mobile application to residents to view a consolidated list of documents using their
Aadhaar number.
Introduction
Currently, in India, almost all of the government issued documents are in physical form across
the country. This means every time a resident needs to share the document with an agency to
avail any service, an attested photo copy either in physical form or on scanned form is shared.
Use of physical copies of document creates huge overhead in terms of manual verification,
paper storage, manual audits, etc. incurring high cost and inconvenience. This creates problem
for various agencies to verify the authenticity of these documents, thus, creating loopholes for
usage of fake documents/certificates. Due to the nature of these documents not having a strong
identity attached to it, anyone with same name can indeed misuse someone else’s document.
Digital India Vision
The Digital India programme cleared by the cabinet in August 2014 seeks to ‘prepare India for a
knowledge future’. There are three key objectives; (a) to create a digital infrastructure for
online digital identity, mobile phone and a bank account, (b) to service and govern a real-time
online financial transaction platform, and © to digitize all documents and records of the
residents and make them available on a real-time basis.
Reply
#3

This document offers a standardized mechanism to issue government documents to Aadhaar
holders in electronic and printable formats, store them, and make it shareable with various
agencies. This allows government issued documents to be moved to electronic form and make it
available for real-time access in a set of “digital repositories”. This solution also offers multiple
digital locker providers and access gateways to co-exist to enable healthy ecosystem play. Usage of
Aadhaar ensures that document owner is strongly authenticable eliminating document frauds. In
addition to supporting new documents to be made electronic and online accessible, this solution
also offers a way to digitize older documents. Proposal also offers a mechanism by which “digital
lockers” can be offered by service providers and suggestion to provide “a default digital locker”
portal and mobile application to residents to view a consolidated list of documents using their
Aadhaar number.
Introduction
Currently, in India, almost all of the government issued documents are in physical form across
the country. This means every time a resident needs to share the document with an agency to
avail any service, an attested photo copy either in physical form or on scanned form is shared.
Use of physical copies of document creates huge overhead in terms of manual verification,
paper storage, manual audits, etc. incurring high cost and inconvenience. This creates problem
for various agencies to verify the authenticity of these documents, thus, creating loopholes for
usage of fake documents/certificates. Due to the nature of these documents not having a strong
identity attached to it, anyone with same name can indeed misuse someone else’s document.
Digital India Vision
The Digital India programme cleared by the cabinet in August 2014 seeks to ‘prepare India for a
knowledge future’. There are three key objectives; (a) to create a digital infrastructure for
online digital identity, mobile phone and a bank account, (b) to service and govern a real-time
online financial transaction platform, and © to digitize all documents and records of the
residents and make them available on a real-time basis.
This vision of electronic resident document system should address two key aspects:
1. Minimizing usage of physical documents (no scan/photocopies, no physical papers)
via electronic formats and sharing across agencies; and
2. Eliminating usage of fake documents (no fake govt/degree certificates, no fake usage
Digital Locker Technology Specification (DLTS) – Version 2.3
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of someone else’s certificate) via a mechanism to verify “authenticity” of government
issued documents online.
3. Provide a default “digital locker” for people to store and access Government issued
documents in the Government cloud if they wish to subscribe.
Solution Objectives
Objectives of such digital repository solution are:
1. Eliminate need for the residents to maintain hard copy of government issued
documents.
2. Eliminate need for the residents to produce (in hard format) government issued
documents, while applying for services.
3. Provide secure and consented access of government issued documents to user agencies.
4. Reduce administrative burden, service fulfillment time, and costs by enabling paperless
transactions.
5. Ensure all the documents issued to the residents are available to him/her anywhere
anytime, in a standard format which can be shared with any other department.
6. Provide an open, interoperable, multi-provider architecture to ensure departments and
states have flexibility to use best document repository for their purposes.
7. Provide an architecture that can support well structured future documents as well as a
mechanism to digitize older documents that may not have machine readable formats.
8. Provide a default portal and mobile application for residents to view their documents in
a consolidated way.
Characteristics of Electronic Documents
To meet the key goals and the solution objectives, architecture should ensure that all
government issued “electronic documents” stored in digital repositories are:
1. Machine Readable – documents in electronic format should be machine readable
eliminating human workflow for viewing and verifying the documents. Document
structure should adhere to common XML structure for application usage and
interoperability.
a. Documents should have a common set of “meta” attributes such as “issuer
agency code”, “document ID”, “issue date”, “Aadhaar number(s) of the individuals
to who the document is issued to”, “expiry if any” along with document type
(domain) specific sub data structure (e.g. school certificates will have different
data elements compared to marriage/caste certificates).
2. Printable – all electronic documents should have a printable format “attached” to it
allowing continued printing of certificates for individuals and for backward
compatibility with existing paper based systems.
3. Shareable – residents can easily share the documents with other agencies/departments
just by proving the unique document URI without having to share photocopies, scan
copies, document uploads, etc. Since all one needs is a small URI, such sharing can easily
Digital Locker Technology Specification (DLTS) – Version 2.3
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be done even on feature phones even via SMS and text based systems.
4. Tamper Evident – documents in electronic form should be digitally signed by the
issuing department/agency which allows any tampering to be detected electronically.
This also allows agencies to be compliant to IT Act.
5. Verifiable – most importantly, government documents and certificates issued can be
verified online for “authenticity” (validating if the document shared by an individual
indeed was issued by appropriate authority) eliminating the use of fake
documents/certificates. In addition, Aadhaar attached documents/certificates ensure
ONLY the owner Aadhaar holder can indeed use the certificate, thus eliminating misuse
of someone else’s certificates.
6. Secure – it is critical that documents in the repositories are secure in terms of storage
and access. In addition, specific documents (based on type of document) may only be
shareable via owner authentication to ensure sharing and access is “authorized” by the
document owner.
It is highly recommended that government issued resident documents have the Aadhaar
number(s) of the people. When digital documents/certificates are not attached to Aadhaar, it is
important to note that, while those documents can be still made available online in electronic
format, it can potentially be misused by another person who has same name/gender etc. It is
impossible to verify if the certificate/document was issued to same individual without affixing
a “real identity” using Aadhaar number. Hence it is important to mandate use of Aadhaar
number in all resident documents to strongly “assert” ownership.
Assumptions
1. Considering states and various departments, solution should provide a scheme for
multiple repositories to co-exist and interoperate seamlessly. This also avoids a design
requiring a single central database for all across the country.
2. Resident documents in electronic formats are stored in federated fashion (no
centralized single document repository). Designated set of central repositories would be
part of the system (e.g. central repositories dedicated to universities and educational
institutions, a dedicated repository for health centres, etc). Each agency responsible for
issuing documents/certificates in electronic form and storing them in a designated
repository.
3. Departments/agencies should be able to digitize older existing documents and bring
them into this common electronic document system and provide seamless access.
4. All documents in electronic formats must be digitally signed by the issuing
department/agency to be “trustable” by other agencies and be compliant with IT Act.
5. In future, all documents must be issued to an Aadhaar holder to ensure ONLY that
person can indeed claim ownership. If a strong identity is not attached, a government
document may be misused by people with same demographics (name/age/gender).
6. All future electronic documents are available in both machine readable and printable
formats. Old documents that are digitized may or may not a corresponding machine
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readable form. This allows departments to easily start digitizing documents and
gradually adopt a fully electronic form.
Proposed Architecture
This section covers solution architecture in detail including terminology used, high level
architecture diagram, document identification scheme, document issuance lifecycle, document
sharing scheme, and some examples.
Key Terminology
1. Electronic Document or E-Document – A digitally signed electronic document in XML
format issued to one or more individuals (Aadhaar holders) in appropriate format
compliant to DLTS specifications. Examples:
· Degree certificate issued to a student by a university.
· Cast certificate issued to an individual by a state government department.
· Marriage certificate issued to two individuals by a state government department.
2. Digital Repository – A software application complying with DLTS specifications, hosting
a collection (database) of e-documents and exposing a standard API for secure real-time
access.
· While architecture does not restrict the number of repository providers, it is
recommended that few highly available and resilient repositories be setup and
encourage everyone to use that instead of having lots of repositories.
3. Digital Locker- A dedicated storage space assigned to each resident, to store
authenticated documents. The digital locker would be accessible via web portal or
mobile application.
4. Issuer – An entity/organization/department issuing e-documents to individuals in DLTS
compliant format and making them electronically available within a repository of their
choice.
5. Requester – An entity/organization/department requesting secure access to a
particular e-document stored within a repository. Examples:
· A university wanting to access 10th standard certificate for admissions
· A government department wanting to access BPL certificate
· Passport department wanting to access marriage certificate
6. Access Gateway – A software application complying with DLTS specifications providing
an online mechanism for requesters to access an e-document in a uniform way from
various repositories in real-time.
· Gateway services can be offered by repository providers themselves.
· While architecture does not restrict the number of repository providers, it is
suggested that few resilient and highly available central gateway systems be
setup and requesters can signup with any one of the gateways for accessing
documents in the Digital repositories.
7. Document URI – A unique document URI mandatory for every document. This unique
Digital Locker Technology Specification (DLTS) – Version 2.3
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URI can be resolved to a full URL to access the actual document in appropriate
repository.
· Document URI is a persistent, location independent, repository independent,
issuer independent representation of the ID of the document.
· The existence of such a URI does not imply availability of the identified resource,
but such URIs are required to remain globally unique and persistent, even when
the resource ceases to exist or becomes unavailable.
· While document URI itself is not a secret, access to the actual document is secure
and authenticated.
Proposed Architecture at High Level
In the diagram below, top side represents the issuance part and bottom side represents the
real-time access part.
Diagram depicts the federated model of document storage via designated dedicated digital
repositories. It also depicts the co-existence of highly available document access gateway(s)
(one or two) that can be used to access these documents stored in these repositories.
Individuals (Aadhaar holders) may be provided a “default digital locker” mechanism to directly
access the repository via secure access scheme and viewing a consolidated list of URIs in their
inbox.
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Core features of the architecture:
1. Digital “certified” repositories and gateway providers (Government provided or 3rd
party provided) using an interoperable DLTS compliant standard for scalability and to
avoid one single central registry.
2. Storage and access using unique document URIs and by Aadhaar numbers (access using
a document URI points to one e-document while access via Aadhaar number can point to
multiple e-documents issued to him/her).
a. All access via auditable and non-repudiable mechanism (API access control) to
ensure no “public anonymous” access is allowed
b. Access via document URI may or may not require Aadhaar holder authentication
depending on the document type (some doc types may mandate Aadhaar
authentication before every access while publicly available documents may not).
c. Access via Aadhaar number must ALWAYS be after authentication to ensure
access is authenticated and authorized by owner (Aadhaar holder).
3. Issuers can issue new e-documents in DLTS compliant format completely independently
of each other issuers at their own pace.
4. Issuers can also choose to digitize older documents without having a machine readable
representation and allow a verifiable and secure access to older (legacy) documents.
They can focus on new documents in DLTS compliant format while progressively
providing digitization of older (existing) documents.
5. Residents can also choose to convert their existing certificates using “self signed” or
“notary signed” mechanism and store them in a digital locker. Acceptance of such
documents will depend on the requester rules.
6. Issuers can provide a printed copy of the document to the individual after storing them
in their repository making it verifiable, shareable, accessible, and re-printable.
7. Issuers can choose their own print formats and styles as they do today.
8. Issuers can use their own document numbering scheme and introduce new scheme for
new documents without having to stick with one numbering scheme for ever.
9. Issuer can choose one of the designated repository provider for all their documents or
choose separate repository providers for different document types.
10. States can choose to use a common repository provider or build their own.
11. Residents can share the document with other agencies/departments (e.g., sharing CBSE
mark sheet with a university) just by sharing the document URI printed on their
certificate instead of providing a photocopy or scanned copy.
a. Sharing via simple URI allows document sharing via mobile, SMS, website, etc
easily. Whenever owner authentication is required, Aadhaar authentication (OTP
or biometrics) can be used to authenticate every access.
12. Requesters can dynamically obtain the list of document types defined by issuers by
querying the metadata of the repository allowing issuers to add new document types
dynamically.
13. Requesters to use highly available gateway system to access URIs of the required
document. The requesters would get temporary access to the documents directly from
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the repositories for download.
14. DLTS solution uses open standards and multi-provider ecosystem strategy. Both
government and private players could play the role of repository and gateway providers
so that issuers and requesters get the best “choice” that fits their needs.
15. Solution addresses all core objectives as described earlier in this document while
keeping entire system open via common standards.
It is important to note that interface between Repository, Gateway, and Digital Locker
MUST BE via DLTS APIs only to ensure these are loosely coupled. This loose coupling
allows providers to refactor, scale, administer, price, etc independent of each other. If a
provider offers both repository and gateway features, it must be ensured that users
(Issuers and Requesters) can sign up for individual services instead of bundling
everything into a monolithic offering.
Unique Document URI
Every document that is issued and made accessible via DLTS system must have a unique way to
resolve to the correct repository without conflict. This is critical to eliminate the need for all
documents reference to be in one system. Federated repositories storing documents issued by
various departments/agencies must be “reachable” via the gateway in a unique fashion.
All documents issued in compliance to DLTS should have the following URI format:
IssuerId-DocType-DocId where
IssuerId is a unique issuer entity ID across the country
DocType is the document type optionally defined by the issuer
DocId is a unique document ID within the issuer system
Issuer ID (mandatory)
All departments/agencies within government issuing resident documents, termed as “Issuers”
must have a unique identification to ensure all documents issued by them are accessible via
DLTS gateway.
It is recommended that list of unique issuer codes be derived via their domain URL
whenever available and be published as part of e-governance standard codification
scheme with ability to add new issuers on need basis. When URL is not available for a
department, a unique (alpha) code may be assigned.
Examples of issuer Ids are “maharashtra.gov.in” (Maharashtra State Government),
“kseeb.kar.nic.in” (Karnataka School Board”, “cbse.nic.in” (CBSE School Board), “UDEL” (Delhi
University), etc. These codes MUST BE unique across India and published as part of standard
e-governance codification list.
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Document Type (optional)
Issuers can freely define a list of document types for their internal classification. For example,
CBSE may classify certificates into “MSTN” (10th mark sheet), “KVPY” (certificate issued to
KVPY scholarship fellows), etc. There are no requirements for publishing these via any central
registry.
Classifying documents into various types allows issuers to choose different repositories for
different types. This is to future proof the design without making assumption that all
certificates issued by the issuer are available in same repository. This also allows migration
from one repository to another in a gradual way. Issuers are free to define their document
types without worrying any collaboration across other issuers. Keeping the length minimal
allows manual entry of document URI without making it too long. Hence it is recommended to
keep length to be only up to 5.
It is recommended that issuers define document types either using pure alpha caseinsensitive
strings of length up to 5. These document types MUST BE unique WITHIN the
issuer system. This classification within the issuer system also allows versioning of documents
making future documents to be of different formats and in different repositories without
having the need to have all documents in one repository. If need arises in future to go
beyond length 5, maximum length of doc type can easily use increased without breaking
compatibility any existing systems and documents.
Document ID (mandatory)
A document ID determined by the department/agency (issuer) should be assigned to every
document. It MUST BE unique either within the document types of that issuer or it can be
unique across all document types of that issuer.
Document ID is an alpha-numeric string with maximum length of 10. It is recommended
that issuers define document IDs either using pure alpha case-insensitive string using a
RANDOM number/string generator. Document IDs MUST BE unique WITHIN the issuer
system within a document type. If need arises in future to go beyond length 10,
maximum length of doc ID can easily use increased without breaking compatibility any
existing systems and documents.
Using random string eliminates the possibility of “guessing” next sequence number and
accessing a list of documents in a sequential way. This is critical to ensure security of
documents and ensures document can be accessed ONLY IF the requester “knows” the actual
document ID (instead of guessing sequential numbers).
It is highly recommended that issuer needing to issue a total of n documents within a document
type use at least 10n random space from which the strings/numbers are chosen to randomly
allocate. Notice that since document types allow further classification, it is suggested to keep
Digital Locker Technology Specification (DLTS) – Version 2.3
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the length minimal. Since issuers can easily add a new document type without any
collaboration and approvals across other issuers, if more numbers are required, a new
document type may be introduced.
Examples
Following are few examples of document URI printed on the document using QR code and a
human readable string.
CBSE-MSTN-22636726 KARMR-MCA-7385491 DLSSB-HSMS-GJSGEJXS
Document Issuance Flow
Document issuance flow is given below:
1. Create a new digitally signed e-document complying to DLTS specification with a unique
URI and an attached optional printable version.
a. Issuer entity uses the unique code for itself (obtain a new one if not already
listed) that is available in common DLTS Issuer Codification e-governance
standards. This is a country wide “Unique Issuer ID.
b. Document type codification and ID numbering is left to the freedom of issuer. Doc
types are issuer specific and need not be unique across issuers. If a new type is
required, they should simply register the new type in the repository and start
using them.
2. Issuer should have tied up with a repository provider for storing documents and making
it available online.
3. Store the new e-document in the repository. There are two ways to add a new document
to a repository:
a. via “add” API allowing online live addition of new documents (programmatic)
b. via “web portal” of the repository provider in a manual fashion (human interface)
4. Issue the printed document to the individual(s) for whom the document is issued to
with a barcode and human readable document URI.
a. In addition to printed document, issuer may also share the e-document via email
or other offline sharing schemes.
b. Issuer should also offer an option to people to push the document URI with or
without attachment (e-document) via SMTP to their digital locker address.
Every document issued must have this unique document URI in the format “issuerId-
Digital Locker Technology Specification (DLTS) – Version 2.3
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docType-docId“ printed (human readable) along with a barcode (machine readable,
using “QR code”).
Older documents being digitized should be defined under published list of document types so
that just by using document ID, corresponding URI can be dynamically formed and document
accessed from its repository.
Document Sharing and Access Flow
Residents wanting to share their documents to requester agencies will have the following flow:
1. Requester (department/agency wanting access to an e-document of their customer)
asks the resident to provide the e-document URI
a. There are three ways to share:
i. Share the document URI (since this is simply a text string, this can be
collected easily) along with Aadhaar number. Requesters can pull the
document via their gateway.
1. For older documents with just document ID (no full DLTS
formatted URI), requester can ask the user to choose the issuer and
document types from a list, collect document ID, and then
internally form URI.
ii. Or if it is a legacy self-signed document stored in digital locker, share the
self-signed document access URL.
iii. Or send/upload the copy of the e-document to requester’s application
directly (when requester has no gateway or digital locker access)
2. For e-documents stored in repositories, requester can access them using the URI and
access credentials via a gateway. For accessing self-signed, scanned documents in digital
locker, requesters can use digital locker “share” schemes.
3. Requester uses one of the gateway providers to access documents stored across
federated DLTS repositories.
4. Requester uses DLTS Gateway API to access the document based on the URI.
a. Note that some document types of some of the issuers may require online user
authentication (via Aadhaar or Aadhaar enabled authentication provider such as
e-Pramaan). This is based on Issuer rules.
b. If the document type requires document owner authentication, appropriate
authentication credentials (biometric/OTP/password, etc) also must also be
captured.
5. Gateway system looks up its internal database and maps the URI to an actual repository
URL and forwards the request to the appropriate repository.
a. If authentication credentials are also sent by the requester, gateway system must
do online authentication and only on successful authentication, request can be
forwarded to repository.
b. Gateway forms the URL and sends the request to repository based on the DLTS
Repository API along with authentication success response.
Digital Locker Technology Specification (DLTS) – Version 2.3
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6. Repository provider returns the digitally signed XML document after gateway
authentication.
a. Repository provider must validate credentials of gateway (API license key, digital
signature, etc)
b. Repository provider must validate if the Aadhaar number of the input and what’s
inside the document are matching.
c. If the document type requires authenticated access, before returning the
document, it must verify the authentication response provided by the gateway.
7. E-Document returned by the repository goes back to requester via gateway. For large
printable documents, a temporary printable URL can be provided so that requester
can directly download from repository without going via gateway (this must be one time
download URL that expires).
8. Gateway MUST not store URI, e-document, and other authentication credentials as is. It
MUST ONLY be used for transient access. Anonimized audit must be stored.
9. Requester uses the e-Document for its purposes and provides the intended service to
the resident.
10. Repository provider publishes access audit via public URL for transparency and
notification subscription.
National Digital Locker Directory, Portal/Mobile Application and
Dashboard
DeitY, as the Digital Locker nodal agency would include an Digital Locker directory
(providing details on Issuer ID, requestor ID, Gateway ID, etc.) on the national Digital
Locker portal. The portal would also provide all Standards published via electronic
documents for public access. Following key features must be incorporated within this Digital
Locker Directory:
1. Provide public access to view the list of Issuers (name, ID, registration date),
empanelled repositories (name, URL, date of empanelment, contact details), gateways
(name, URL, date of empanelment, contact details), etc.
2. Provide repository and gateway empanelment guidelines, application form, and other
details.
3. Provide page link to request Issuer ID – this application must allow new issuers to request a
unique ID. This should be a simple electronic workflow to request, approve, and publish new
ID.
The Digital Locker directory will play a critical role in ensuring that the e-Documents repositories
which are under consideration for on boarding follow a defined work flow to ensure eligibility prior
to becoming certified repositories and are listed on the directory.
The Digital Locker Directory will serve as a single window for discovery/browsing of various eDocuments
repositories, issuers, requesters, gateways, and document types.
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