Determination of Optimum Process Parameters during turning of AISI 304


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Introduction and literature survey

In machining process, Surface finish is one of the most significant technical requirements of the customer. A reasonably good surface finish is desired to improve the tribological properties, fatigue strength, corrosion resistance and aesthetic appeal of the product. Nowadays, manufacturing industries specially concerned to dimensional accuracy and surface finish. In order to obtain optimal cutting parameters, manufacturing industries have depended on the use of handbook based information which leads to decrease in productivity due to sub-optimal use of machining capability this causes high manufacturing cost and low product quality (Aman Agrawal and Hari singh, 2005).

Experimental Procedure

Turning is a popularly used machining process in which a single point cutting tool removes unwanted material from the surface of a rotating cylindrical work piece. The Computer numerical controlled (CNC) machines play a major role in modern machining industry to enhance product quality as well as productivity (Tian-Syung, 2009). The machining tests are carried out on the material in cylindrical form, 330 mm long and 50 mm diameter by two layer (TiCN-TiN ) PVD coated cermet insert of two different nose radii on Parishudh TC-250 CN,India, CNC lathe with a variable speed of up to 3250 rpm and a power rating of 7.5kW. A center hole was drilled on the face of the work piece to allow supporting at the tailstock (Fig. 1).

Conclusions

The experimental investigation conducted to turn AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel using PVD Coated cermet at four levels by employing Taguchi technique to determine the optimal levels of process parameters. The ANOVA and F-test revealed that the feed is the dominant parameter followed by nose radius for surface roughness. In case of MRR response, the depth of cut is the dominant one followed by the feed. The optimal combination of process parameters for minimum surface roughness is obtained at 150 m/min cutting speed, 0.25 mm/rev feed, 2.00 mm depth of cut and 0.4 mm nose radius.