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ABSTRACT
For some organization it is essential to distribute the data at that instant itself. The controlling unit collects the data made in form suitable to transfer. 8051 controller is used as control unit for collecting data and transferring using USART.
Data loggers are used to collect and centralize the data for processing. This project is a proto type for such system. Two boards are there in this project each board contains sensors, these are interfaced to the microcontroller. The microcontroller collects the data from the sensors and the data is passed to the other board first. The other board also contains sensors. The microcontroller in this board collects the data from the first board and also collects the data from the sensors in the same board; the whole data is passed to the PC for display and for centralization purpose.
CHAPTER-1
INTRODUCTION
Data loggers are used to collect and centralize the data for processing. This project is a proto type for such system. Two boards are there in this project each board contains sensors. These are interfaced to the microcontroller. The microcontroller collects the data from the sensors and the data is passed to the other board first. The other board also contains sensors. The microcontroller in this board collects the data from the first board and also collects the data from the sensors in the same board; the whole data is passed to the PC for display and for centralization purpose
The Intel 8051 is Harvard architecture, single chip microcontroller (µC) which was developed by Intel in 1980 for use in embedded systems. Intel's original versions were popular in the 1980s and early 1990s, but has today largely been superseded by a vast range of faster and/or functionally enhanced 8051-compatible devices manufactured by more than 20 independent manufacturers including Atmel, Infineon Technologies (formerly Siemens AG), Maxim Integrated Products (via its dallas Semiconductor subsidiary), NXP(formerly Philips Semiconductor), Nuvoton (formerly Win bond), ST Microelectronics, Silicon Laboratories (formerly Cygnal), Texas Instruments and Cypress Semiconductor. Intel's official designation for the 8051 family of µCs is MCS 51.
1.2 BLOCK DIAGRAM EXPLANATION:
This Project mainly consists of Power Supply section, Microcontroller section, Max 232 serial driver section, RF Transmitter & Receiver section.
POWER SUPPLY SECTION:
This section is meant for supplying Power to all the sections mentioned above. It basically consists of a Transformer to step down the 230V ac to 9V ac followed by diodes. Here diodes are used to rectify the ac to dc. After rectification the obtained rippled dc is filtered using a capacitor Filter. A positive voltage regulator is used to regulate the obtained dc voltage.
MICROCONTROLLER SECTION:
This section forms the control unit of the whole project. This section basically consists of a Microcontroller with its associated circuitry like Crystal with capacitors, Reset circuitry, Pull up resistors (if needed) and so on. The Microcontroller forms the heart of the project because it controls the devices being interfaced and communicates with the devices according to the program being written.
MAX 232 SECTIONS:
The microcontroller can communicate with the serial devices using its single Serial Port. The logic levels at which this serial port operates is TTL logics. But some of the serial devices operate at RS 232 Logic levels. For example PC and Smart Card Reader etc. So in order to communicate the Microcontroller with either Smart Card Reader or PC, a mismatch between the Logic levels occurs. In order to avoid this mismatch, in other words to match the Logic levels, a Serial driver is used. And MAX 232 is a Serial Line Driver used to establish communication between microcontroller and PC.
PC SECTION:
This section basically contains a PC with Serial communication associated hardware. The serial communication associated hardware circuitry includes the bus (DB 9) connector from PC to Microcontroller.
USART:
This small indicates that this is a bus of serial communication. The universal synchronous, and asynchronous receive and transmission (USART) is simple serial communication for high speed data transmission.
1.3 TOOLS & SOFTWARE:
• Soldering station
• Kiel IDE
• Multisim 10.0
• Express PCB