PRESENTED BY
KAUSHIK.T

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cryonics
ONE WAY TO RAISING THE DEAD?
(NANO TECHNOLOGY)
Introduction
 Nanotechnology is a new technology that uses atoms with a view to creating a desired product.
 The term nanotechnology has been a combination of two terms, ”nano” and “technology”.
 The term nano is derived from a Greek word “nanos” which means “dwarf”. Thus nanotechnology is dwarf technology.
History
 The first mention of nanotechnology occurred in a talk given by Richard Feynman in 1959.
 Historically cryonics began in 1962 with the publication of “The prospect of immortality” referred by Robert Ettinger, a founder and the first president of the cryonics institute.
 There are no cryonics service provided outside of the U.S.A
Cryonics
 A Cryonics is the practice of cooling people immediately after death to the point where molecular physical decay completely stops.
 scientific and medical procedures currently being developed will be able to revive them and restore them to good health later.
 A patient held in such a state is said to be in 'cryonic suspension’.
Cryonics patient prepares for the future
 patient's body is frozen and stored until medical technology can repair the body and revive the patient, or grow a new body for the patient.
Patient declared legally dead
 blood circulation is maintained and patient is injected with medicine to minimise problems with frozen tissue. Coolingof body begun. (If body needs to be flown, blood is replaced with organ preservatives.)
body is cooled to 5 degrees
 Chest opened, blood is replaced with a solution (glycerol, water, other chemicals) that enters the tissues, pushing out water to reduce ice formation.
 In 2 to 4 hours, 60% or more of body water is replaced by glycerol.
Freezing the body
 The patient is placed in cold silicone oil, chilling the body to -79°C.
 Then it's moved to an aluminium pod and slowly cooled over 5 days in liquid nitrogen to -196°C (minus 320° Fahrenheit), then stored.
Actual process starts
 After preserving the body for somedays, they will start the surgery.
 As a part of it, they will apply some chemicals like glycerol and some advanced chemicals to activate the cells of the body.
 . By doing so, 0.2% of the cells in the body will be activated.
 After that they will preserve the body for future applications.
 The cryonists strongly believe that future medicines in 21st century will be useful to rapidly increase those cells that will help to retrieve the dead person back
Financial Issues
 Cryopreservation arrangements can be expensive, currently ranging from $28,000 at the Cryonics Institute to $150,000 at Alcor and the American Cryonics Society.
 The biggest drawback to current practice is a costs issue.
 most cost-effective means of storing a cryopreserved person is in liquid nitrogen, fracturing of the brain occurs, a result of thermal stresses that develop when cooling from −130°C to −196°C (the temperature of liquid nitrogen).
Why only nanotechnology is used in cryonics ?
 "Current medical science does not have the tools to fix damage that occurs at the cellular and molecular level. Nanotechnology is the ultimate miniaturization can achieve.
 Cryonics basically deals with cells, these cells are in the order of nanometers. At present there is no other technology which deals with such minute cells.
 In theory, a nano technology could make our body immune to any present or future infectious disease.
How nanotechnology is used in cryonics?
 MOLECULAR MACHINES could revive patients by repairing damaged cells.
 Computational nano technology includes only the tools and techniques required to model the proposed molecular machines.
 The software required to design and model complex molecular machine is either already available or can be readily develop over the next few years from computer science.
Conclusion
 With the implementation of Cryonics we can get back the life.
 But Cryonics is a area in which most of the work is to be done in future and till now mainly the concept of this area has been proposed.
 So the Scientists are not making long promises for the future of this Cryonics.