Operating system 10EC65 vtu notes for ECE
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An operating system (OS) is system software that manages the hardware and software resources of the computer and provides common services for computer programs. All computer programs, excluding firmware, require an operating system to operate.Time sharing operating systems plan tasks for efficient system use and may also include accounting software for allocating processor time, mass storage, printing, and other resources.For hardware functions such as input and output and memory allocation, the operating system acts as an intermediary between programs and computer hardware, although the application code is usually executed directly by the Hardware and often makes calls to the system to an OS or is interrupted by it. Operating systems are found on many devices that contain a computer - from cell phones and video game consoles to web servers and supercomputers.
The dominant desktop operating system is Microsoft Windows with a market share of around 83.3%. Apple Inc.'s MacOS ranks second (11.2%) and Linux ranks third (1.55%). In the mobile sector (smartphones and combined tablets), according to data for the third quarter of 2016, Google Android dominates with 87.5 percent and a growth rate of 10.3 percent per year, followed by iOS by Apple with 12.1 percent and a decrease per year in the market of 5.2 percent, while other operating systems amounted to only 0.3 percent. Linux is dominant in server and supercomputer sectors. There are other specialised classes of operating systems, such as embedded and real-time systems, for many applications.