24-03-2011, 12:01 PM
PRESENTED BY
M.SHIVA KUMAR
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Workshop on direct brain/computer interface & control
Multiple aims
Study of brain functions
Rehabilitation
through substitution
through restoration
Enhancement of brain-environment pathways
“Cyborg-like” applications
Technical Requirements depend on the “User”
1. End user
2. Clinical researchers, Neuroscientists
3. Technical operators, Therapists
4. Gamers, entertainers
Technical Requirements
Targeting to the disabled-user, others will be adequately addressed or easily adapted.
Cost/benefit of requirements vary over User Level
Disability Level and Application
Communication
Environmental control
Robotics / Mobility devices
Neuroprosthetics
Multiple points of view
Target users:
Researchers (e.g., clinical researchers, neuroscientists, signal processing experts, etc.);
Technical operators (e.g., caregivers, therapists who are in charge of training someone on BCI operation);
End-users (e.g., people with disabilities who rely on the system for communication)
Disciplines involved in research
Engineering
Clinical ...
Psychological
Neuroscience
Clinical applications of BCI are not…
… just application of potentially working technologies to a new group of experimental subjects.
Working with patients requires taking into account new issues
Human computer interaction
Ease of use
Reliability
Sensible applications
Invasive vs. noninvasive techniques
Multi-electrode grids implanted in cortex
Epi- or sub-dural implantation
Surface EEG
Non electrical signal (MEG, fMRI, NIRS, …)
Integration with assistive technologies
need for "BCI device“
integration of the BCI device as a control into standard
domotic and robotic systems
Role of technical standards in the development of BCI systems
helpful to foster involvement of companies into the field
important to promote cooperation among research groups
Topics for standardization:
system architecture
relationship with existing human-computer devices
training procedures
signal processing techniques
indices of performance
communication protocols with external devices
Advantage of Standards
Improved interoperability of components
Lowers need for expertise
Facilitates technology diffusion
Facilitates performance comparison
FDA/CE certification is cheaper
Helps to solve legal disputes
Pseudo-BCI applications
Monitoring
Biofeedback
Detection of psychological states
EEG-EMG-EOG integration
Conclusions
BCI field is out of the demonstrations phase and is ready for clinical applications – need for more intense multidisciplinary cooperation
Any new BCI technology should be focused on improving the quality of life of the end user
Many technologies still do not meet the requirements of particular BCI applications
The BCI community needs
a technology standardization committee
BCI systems that can improve people’s lives are within reach