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1. INTRODUCTION
Mobility and transportation are two of the leading indicators of economic growth of a society. Unfortunately, if left unchecked, these indicators show a declining trend with the passage of time (i.e., traffic congestion) because transportation systems are often designed to overcome the present crisis without considering the increasing nature of the population of a country. The situation of urban transport in a developing country like India is, no doubt, very special, because of the combination of rapid demographic and economic growth, enormous increase in travel demand, utterly deficient capacities of the existing transport systems, and turbulence in the land development process during the current era of transition.
The introduction of motorized transportation and especially the automobile has generated social disparities in accessibility. Under Indian conditions, it is becoming difficult for any improvement to be done to restore the equity. The accessibility is deeply biased toward favouring those with access to private automobiles. From the perspective of political science, two points emerge. First, transportation conditions are largely class based. A small percentage of people with access to privately owned vehicles appear to impose serious damages on other road users, particularly pedestrians, non-motorized vehicles, and public transport users. Privately owned vehicles impose serious impacts such as delays, fatal traffic accidents, and air pollution on other modes of transport. It has become a moot point whether or not the costs are charged to the beneficiaries. Second, these damages are in fact neither assigned nor compensated. They remain instead as externalized and unaccredited costs created by the unrestricted use of the automobiles, based on privileged mobility and freedom of access. If this broad approach in equity is acknowledged, it would warrant new approaches to policies for transportation, traffic management, and land use. Such new approaches will have to be considered for the distribution of accessibility and the use of the street by all modes of commuters.
People prefer rail transit to bus transit even thought the mobility is less because of its speed and less delay. There is a splendid transit system called Bus Rapid Transit System with more mobility when compare to heavy rail/ light rail transit. It is an integrated, well defined system with design features similar to light rail rapid transit systems. BRT represents a way to improve mobility at a relatively low cost through incremental investment in a combination of bus infrastructure, operational movements and technology. BRT will utilize Intelligent Transportation System technology, modern land use planning and transportation policies to support new concepts for rapid transit systems based on bus-like vehicles.
2. BUS RAPID TRANSIT
2.1 Introduction
Bus Rapid Transit is commonly understood as a system that emphasizes priority for and rapid movement of buses by securing segregated bus-ways. BRT is designed to address the sources of delay of traditional bus service and to be an attractive service to passengers. BRT is an incrementally enhanced transit mode, providing faster, passenger-friendly service. This is accomplished in multiple ways including improvement to the infrastructure, vehicle road use and stops/stations; utilizing cleaner, quieter and lighter vehicles; and integrating an amalgam of ITS technologies.
BRT is a new and cost-effective way of providing high-quality transit service with buses. The buses operate primarily in bus-only lanes with light rail-like service characteristics and station spacing. Traffic signals are modified, giving buses priority, helping them to move more quickly and reliably. BRT is much less expensive than light rail to construct and operate and retains the flexibility to operate in conventional traffic lanes. BRT is designed to address the sources of delay of traditional bus service and to be an attractive service to passengers. BRT is an incrementally enhanced transit mode, providing faster, passenger-friendly service. This is accomplished in multiple ways including improvement to the infrastructure, vehicle road use and stops/stations; utilizing cleaner, quieter and lighter vehicles and integrating a blend of ITS technologies. A BRT system

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