Presentation On Blu-ray disc

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Submitted by
BHARATH. S
ASHWINI.B
BHARGAVI B.S
MANU KUMAR.S
CHANDAN JHA

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CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION TO BLU-RAY DISC
NAMING OF BLU-RAY DISC
PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF BLU-RAY DISC
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION OF BLU-RAY DISC
SPECIFICATION OF BLU-RAY DISC
DISC STRUCTURE
READ WRITE SPEED
DISC CHARACTERISTICS
BLU-RAY DISC FEATURES
BD VS DVD
ADVANTAGES OF BLU-RAY DISC OVER DVD
HIGH DEFINATION
BD VS HD-DVD
CURRENT TECHNOLOGY
DEVELOPMENT SPECIFICATION OF BLU-RAY DISC
GROW ABLE ADVANTAGES OF BLU-RAY DISC



Introduction to blu-ray disc

Blu-ray Disc (also known as Blu-ray or BD) is an optical disc storage media format. Its main uses are high-definition video and Data storage. The disc has the same dimensions as a standard DVD or CD.

The name Blu-ray Disc is derived from the blue laser (violet colored) used to read and write this type of disc. Because of its shorter wave length (405 nm) ,substantially more data can be stored on a blue ray disc than on the DVD format, which uses red (650 nm ) laser. A dual layer blue ray disc can store 50 GB, almost 6 times the capacity of a dual layer DVD (or more than 10 times if single “layer).

Naming of Blu-ray disc :
The blu-ray disc uses blue violet laser with wave length of 405nm.So it is named as Blu-ray.


Benefits of using blue violet laser(405nm)are :-
1- shorter wavelength than red laser (650nm), which makes it
possible to focus the laser spot with even greater precision.

2-allows data to be packed more tightly and stored in less space

3-possible to fit more data on the disc even though it's the same
size as CD/DVD.

4-with the change of numerical aperture to 0.85 is what enables
Blu-ray Disc to hold 25GB/50GB.




The Physical Structure of Blu-Ray Disc

Media type : High “density Optical disc

Encoding : MPEG-2, MPEG-4 AVC (H.264), and VC-1
Capacity: 25 GB (single layer), 50 GB (dual layer)
Read mechanism: 1x@36 Mbps & 2x@72 Mbps
Developed by: Blu-ray Disc Association
Usage: Data storage, High-definition video and
Play Station 3D Games



Technical specification of blu-ray disc:

The Blu-ray Disc physical specifications were finished in 2004.
In January 2005, TDK announced that they had developed a hard coating polymer for Blu-ray Discs.
The recording capacity required by application was the important issue. The requirement for CD was 74 minutes of recording capacity and a capacity of about 800MB.
for DVDâ„¢s the requirement as a video disc was the recording of a movie with a length of two hours and fifteen minutes using the standard definition.
In case of blu-ray disc ,the capacity is determined up to 54 GB of high definition of data.




Specification of Blu-ray Disc


Formats

The Blu-ray disc is initially designed in several different formats,
BD-ROM (read “ only): for pre-recorded content.
BD-R (recordable): for storing high definition data on disc.
BD-RW (rewritable):for PC data storage.
BD-RE (rewritable):for high definition television storage.




Compatibility and Recorders:

Blu-ray lasers and Drives are capable of reading DVD formats, ensuring backward compatibility. This makes upgrade and more active to the consumer . The first blu-ray recorder was introduced by the Sony on march 3,2003 .and was introduced to the Japanese market in April that year .At the end of 2004, Sony announced the play station 3 will be shipped with a special blu-ray drive.

Variations:

A one side, single “sided 8 cm BD can hold 15 GB, giving it the capacity of one and a half regular sized (12 cm) single layer double sized DVD™s. This would be ideal format for small portable devices such as small portable movie player and digital video camera™s.


Data Rate:



For high-definition movies a much higher data rate is needed than for standard definition. The following numbers offer a comparison: data bit length :111.75 nm(25 GB )(267 nm for DVD),linear velocity: 7.367 m/s (movie application)(3.49 m/s for DVD), user data transfer rate: (53.948 Mbits)(movie application)(10.08 Mbps for DVD).

Codecs:

The BD-ROM format will likely 3 codec's: MPEG-2 (the standard used for DVDs), MPEG-4â„¢s H.264/AVC codec, and VC-1 based on Microsoft's windows media 9 cosec. The first codec only allows for about two hours of storage on a single layer Blu-ray Disc, but with the addition of the latter two more advanced codec's, a single layer disc can hold almost four hour s high definition MPEG-2 has a data rate of about 25Mbps.


Disc structure

One of the feature that differentiate BD from DVD recording system is the position of the recording layer with disc. For DVD the recording layer sandwiched between two 0.6-mm thick layer of plastic- typically polycarbonate.
Single layer BD read-only disc:


Dual layer Disc

To improve scratch resistance , the cover layer can be optionally protected with an hard coat layer technology. The different layers are shown. A spacing layer is used to separate the two information on disc. Also the different transmission stack are shown,


Read write speed

According to the Blu-ray Disc specification, 1xspeed is defined as 36Mbps.
However, as BD-ROM movies will require a 54Mbps data transfer rate the
Minimum speed were expecting to see is 2x(72Mbps).
Blu-ray also has the potential for much higher speeds, as a result of the
larger numerical aperture (NA) adopted by Blu-ray Disc. The large NA
value effectively means that Blu-ray will require less recording power and
lower disc rotation speed than DVD and HD-DVD to achieve the
same data transfer rate


Disc Characteristics

Numerical Aperature measures the ability of a lens to gather and focus light. As the numerical aperture increases, the focusing power increases and the beam size decreases
Phase change implies that the disc section is either an amorphous or crystalline state. The reflectivity changes accordingly thus representing a binary bit


Blu“ray Disc Features

1:Massive storage capacity: 25 GB (single layer) or 50 GB
(dual layer) on a single-sided disc, compared to 4.7 (single layer)
and 8.5 GB (dual layer) on a single-sided DVD disc

Support high bit rate, high-
definition video at resolutions of up to 1920x1080,compared to DVDâ„¢S in progressive and interlaced formats. About 9hrs of high-definition(HD) video can be stored on a 50GB disc.About 23hrs of standard-definition(SD) video can be stored on a 50GB disc.On average, a single-layer disc can hold High Definition features of 135 minutes using MPEG-2, with additional room for 2 hrs of bonus material in standard definition quality.A dual layer disc will extend this number up to 3hrs in HD quality and 9hrs of SD bonus materials.

3.Compatible with CDs and DVDs: Same size and look
as CD and DVD, enabling Blu-ray Disc drives that can read
and write CDs and DVDs.

4.Robust content protection: Strong protection that
is transparent to end users.


Advantages of blu-ray disc over DVD

It can store 5x the amount of information as normal DVD. Up to 25 GB on a single layer and 50 GB on a dual layer.
Has high definition video (9x16) and high quality audio (Dolby 5.1, 7.1, DTS 5.1).
It can record HDTV without any loss of information or resolution.
It can interact much more dynamically with viewers because of Java ME apps running on the system.
It has access to the internet, so it can download updates or additional information when needed.
Viewers can skip to any part of the disc.

High Definition
To better understand the need for media formats with greater storage lets briefly describe what High Definition is.
Your regular TV signal has about 480 pixel lines, but HD has about 1280 pixel lines that go across your TV
Because of this difference the bandwidth of HD is about 5 times greater than standard video.
Currently a standard movie takes up almost an entire DVD so we need something thatâ„¢s almost 5 times that.


Current technology

Some of the storage devices that are available in the market.
Analog storage technology:
VHS
Digital storage technology:
Floppy disc ,Compact disc and Digital versatile disc.
VHS:
The blu-ray disc was forward in video recording technology as it enables the recording of high definition television(HDTV).
Random access, instantly jump to any spot on disc.
Searching, preview the recorded programs on disc.
Automatically find out an free space to avoid recording over programs.
Improved picture ,ability to record high definition television(HDTV)



Development specification of blu-ray

The blu-ray disc was developed by blu-ray disc association and a group of leading consumer electronics and pc electronics with more than 130 members from all over world.
The board of directory currently consist of:
Apple computers
Helewlett Packard company
LG electronics
Pioneer electronics
Royal-Philips
Samsung electronics co.Ltd
Sharp corporation
Sony corporation
TDK.


Grow able advantages of blu-ray disc


Although Blu-ray canâ„¢t quite fit an entire series of HD-quality material on one disc, it could potentially fit an entire series of standard DVD quality stuff on one. Thatâ„¢s pretty good, considering the storage savings alone.


This is a really good time to be check it out. DRM is the copyright protection scheme the media industry uses to prevent piracy, and the Blu-rayâ„¢s technology in this realm is actually quite exciting. The possibility exists for users to copy the content of a disc a limited number of times,


Backward compatibility :

The Blu-ray Disc Association is encouraging manufacturers to make the players fully backwards compatible. That will allow users to both read and write on CDs, DVDs, and, obviously, Blu-ray discs.

Quality support :

Sony and Philips might be the strongest backers of Blu-ray, but other major corporations.
Blu-ray appears to be winning the format war with the HDTV, there are more major studios releasing discs in the Blu-ray format than the HD-DVD format, and Blu-ray players than HD-DVD (where the only major manufacturer isToshiba).

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