24-10-2017, 04:44 PM
DNA fingerprinting is a laboratory technique used to establish a link between biological evidence and a suspect in a criminal investigation. A DNA sample taken from a crime scene is compared to a DNA sample from a suspect. If the two DNA profiles match, then the evidence comes from that suspect. Conversely, if the two DNA profiles do not match, then the evidence can not have come from the suspect. The DNA fingerprint is also used to establish paternity.
DNA profile (also known as DNA fingerprint, DNA test or DNA typing) is the process of determining the DNA characteristics of an individual, called a DNA profile, which is very likely to be different in unrelated individuals , so it is as unique to people as their fingerprints (hence the alternative name for the technique). DNA profiles should not be confused with complete genome sequencing.
DNA profiling is most often used as a forensic technique in criminal investigations to identify an unidentified person or identity to be confirmed, or to place a person at the scene of the crime or to remove a person from his or her consideration. DNA profiles have also been used to help clarify paternity, immigration disputes, paternity testing, and genealogical research or medical research. DNA fingerprinting has also been used in the study of animal and floral populations and in the fields of zoology, botany and agriculture.