02-05-2011, 12:45 PM
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Bio-Diesel from JATROPHA
What is Bio-Diesel?
Biodiesel refers to a vegetable oil or animal fat-based diesel fuel consisting of long-chain alkyl (methyl, propyl or ethyl) esters.
Bio Diesel is a renewable domestically produced liquid fuel that can help reduce the country’s dependence on foreign oil imports.
WHY JATROPHA?
Requires low water and fertilizer for cultivation.
It is not grazed by cattle or sheep.
It is pest resistant
It has high seed yield and oil content.
Produces high protein manure.
Under optimum conditions jatropha seeds can yield up to 40% oil content.
Trees have a lifespan of up to 30 years.
Jatropha does not need irrigation and can grow in sand.
JATROPHA PROCESSING
Where It Grows – Very adoptable to all kinds of soil even on depleted lands
Climate Needs – Tropical Regions
How it is Harvested – Handpicked
How it is Planted – Transplanting method or By Seeds
Time Scale – 15 months for the 1st harvest, plant’s Lifespan is 40 years
JATROPHA LIFE CYCLE
OBTAINING JATROPHA OIL
Seeds are crushed to improve oil extraction.
For example crushed seeds are placed in a plunger which is then placed in a hydraulic press.
Oil starts appearing at 1000psi.
Vacuum filter is used to filter the oil.
MANUFACTURING BIO-DIESEL
Reaction raw materials :
Jatropha Oil
Methanol (CH3OH) 99%+ pure
Potassium hydroxide (must be dry)
Materials for Titration :
Isopropyl alcohol 99%+ pure
Distilled water
Phenolphthalein solution
Materials for Washing :
Vinegar
Water
MANUFACTURING BIO-DIESEL
Jatropha oil is filtered to remove any solid particles.
Jatropha oil is then heated to remove any water content.
Titration is done to determine how much catalyst is needed.
Exact quantity of Potassium Hydroxide is then thoroughly mixed in Methanol till it dissolves completely to get potassium methoxide.
Jatropha oil is heated if required (during winter), and mixed in the potassium methoxide while the agitator is running.
It is then allowed to settle and glycerin is removed from bottom.
Biodiesel fraction is then washed and dried.
It is then checked for quality
MANUFACTURING BIO-DIESEL
Bio diesel Process Flow Diagram
EFFECT OF BIO-DIESL FROM JATROPHA IN DIESEL ENGINE
ADVANTAGES OF BIO-DIESEL
Bio Diesel is the most valuable form of renewable energy that can be used directly in any existing, unmodified diesel engine.
Bio Diesel is environmental friendly and ideal for heavily polluted cities.
Bio Diesel is as biodegradable as salt
Bio Diesel produces 80% less carbon dioxide and 100% less sulfur dioxide emissions. It provides a 90% reduction in cancer risks.
Bio Diesel extends the life of diesel engines
Bio Diesel is cheaper then mineral oil diesel
Bio Diesel helps in conserving natural resources.