i want battery charger using scr pdf for mini project documentation

battery charger circuit using scr pdf

SCR is abbreviation for Silicon Controlled Rectifier. SCR has three pins anode, cathode and gate as shown in the below figure. It is made up of there PN junction diodes also; it is solid state equivalent of gas filled triode and has around four semi conductor layers. SCR can conduct the current in a single direction or we can say SCR’s are unidirectional. The SCR can be triggered only at the gate through the current. SCR will combine the features of rectifier and transistor. They are mainly used in switching applications. They can also be triggered with the break over voltage (if the forward voltage is more than the break down voltage of the component). They are mainly used in the high voltage and high power for controlling purpose. They are also used in the light dimming, voltage regulators, motor control etc.

A simple battery charger based on SCR is shown here.Here the SCR rectifies the AC mains voltage to charge the battery.When the battery connected to the charger gets discharged the battery voltage gets dropped.This inhibits the forward biasing voltage from reaching the base of the transistor Q1 through R4 and D2.This switches off the transistor.When the transistor is turned OFF,the gate of SCR (H1) gets the triggering voltage via R1 & D3.This makes the SCR to conduct and it starts to rectify the AC input voltage.The rectified voltage is given to the battery through the resistor R6(5W).This starts charging of the battery.

When the battery is completely charged the base of Q1 gets the forward bias signal through the voltage divider circuit made of R3,R4,R5 and D2.This turns the transistor ON.When the Q1 is turned ON the trigger voltage at the gate of SCR is cut off and the SCR is turned OFF.In this condition a very small amount of charge reaches the battery via R2 and D4 for trickle charging.Since the charging voltage is only half wave rectified ,this type of charger is suitable only for slow charging.For fast charging full wave rectified charging voltage is needed.