hi i am prema i would like to get details on b.tech 1st year chemistry lab viva questions and answers

1.What is volumetric or titrimetric analysis?
The analysis consisting of determinig volume of a solution of accurately known concentration which is required to react quantitatively with the solution of the substances being determined is called volumetric or titrimetric analysis.

2.What is standard solution ?
The solution of accurately known strength is called the standard solution and it contains known weight of the solute in a definite volume of the solution.

3.What is meant by titration?
The process of adding a standard solution to a solute in solution untill the reaction is just complete is termed as titration.

4.Distinguish b/w titrant & titrate?
The reagent of known concentration is called the titrant & the substance being titrated is termed as titrate.

5.Differentiate b/w equivalance & end point in titrations?
The point ay which the reaction b/w titrant & titrate is just complete is called equivalance point or theoretical point.
The point at which a clear visual change is observed after the reaction b/w titrant & titrate is practically complete is called end point. Thus there exists a very small difference b/w the end point & equivalence point.

6.How is the end point detected?
The completion of the titration (end point ) is detected by either a color change or the formation of turbidity in the liquid being titrated.

7. What is an indicator?
A substance that facilitates the color change at the end point in titrations is called an indicator.
E.g. methyl orange, phenolpthalein, starch.

8. what is molar solution?
A solution which contains one gram molecular weight of the solute per dm3 of the solution is reffered as a molar solution.
E.g. A solution containing 392 gram of FAS in 1 dm3 solution is called 1 molar solution.

9.What is a normal solution?
A solution which contains one gram molecular weight of the solute per dm3 solution is called normal solution.
E.g. A solution containing 49 gram of K2Cr2o7 in 1 dm3 solution is called 1 normal solution.

10.what is molal solution?
A solution which contains one gram molecular weight of the solution in one kilogram of the solution is called a molal solution.
E.g. 58.45 gram of Nacl present in 1 kg of water is called 1 molal solution.

11.What is normality of solution?
The normality of solution is the number of gram equivalents of the solute per dm3 of the solution.
Normality (N) of the solution = weight of solute/equivalent weight of solute per dm3.

12.what is molarity of a solution?
The molarity of a solution is the number of gram equivalents of the solute per dm3 of the solution.
molarity (M) of a solution = weight of solute/ molecular weight of solute per dm3 .


13 .what is meant by standardisation of a solution?
Determination of the accurate strength of a solution using another standard solution by means of a titration is called
standardisation of a solution.

14. what is meant by equivalent weight of an oxidising?
Equivalent weight of an oxidising agent is defined as the number of parts by mass of the oxidising agent that gives 8 parts by mass of oxygen for oxidation.