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presented by:
Jibin Philip

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Artificial Heart
Heart disease – very common
 Many people suffer from heart disease. Some of the diagnosed cases are so severe that patients may not survive the wait for a donor heart.
 In the 1960s the purpose of an artificial heart was for to temporarily support patients until a donor heart became available
The Changing Scene
 Surgeons attempted to change this in1980s by implanting an artificial heart intended for long term therapy.
The NEED for artificial heart
 Main Causes
• Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)
• Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
• Lack of organ donors
• Availability problems
Working Of Human Heart
 Four chambers
• Right Atrium
• Right Ventricle
• Left Atrium
• Left Ventricle
Working Of Human Heart
 Deoxygenated blood flows from body to the right atrium.
 Oxygenated blood flows from the lungs to the left atrium.
 Deoxygenated blood flows from right ventricle to lungs.
 Oxygenated blood flows from the left ventricle to the rest of the body.
Research & Development
 Assist Devices
• Arrow Lion Heart
• Jarvik - 2000
 Total Artificial Heart
• Jarvik-7 (1982)
• Abiocor (2001)
Assist Devices
 Left ventricle assist devices
 Device work parallel with heart and reduce work load of heart
 Giving less strain for heart muscles
Lion Heart Pump
 Consist of :
• Blood Pump
• Electric Coil Power Sources
• Heart Rate Controller
• Gas Volume Accumulator
Working of Lion Heart Pump
 High speed DC motor drives roller screw mechanism.
 Roller screw mechanism turn rotational motion of motor into linear motion of pusher plate.
 Pusher plate uniformly compresses a blood sac during pump ejection. As plate releases pressure, blood fills the sac
 O/p of the pump varies from 3 to 7 liters per minute. The heart rate of the pump is controlled by computer system implanted in the patient’s abdomen.
 Rechargeable batteries in controller unit provide function when uncouples the external battery pack
Artificial Hearts
 Works in place of biological heart
 Only to class 4 heart failure patients
The Abiocor Artificial Heart
 Developed Abiomed and Texas Heart Institute.
 Internal components are the Abiocor thoracic unit, battery, controller and the wireless energy transfer coil (TET).
Working of Abiocor
 Abiocor has chambers on left and right sides
 At center lies an electric motor which turns a centrifugal pump at 5000 to 9000 rpm The pump propels a viscous hydraulic fluid
 second electric motor turns gating valve
 As fluid fills the left section, its plastic membrane bulges, outward, pushing blood out of the Abiocor’s left chamber.
 At the same time, hydraulic fluid empties from the right section and its membrane deflates allowing blood to flow into the devices right chamber.