05-06-2017, 10:55 AM
Computer graphics are images and movies created with computers. Typically, the term refers to computer generated image data created with the help of specialized hardware and software graphics. It is a vast and recent area in computer science. The phrase was coined in 1960 by computer science researchers Verne Hudson and William Fetter of Boeing. Often abbreviated CG, although it is sometimes erroneously called CGI.
Important topics in computer graphics include user interface design, sprite graphics, vector graphics, 3D modeling, shaders, GPU design, implicit surface display with ray tracing and computer vision, among others. The general methodology depends to a large extent on the underlying sciences of geometry, optics and physics.
Computer graphics are responsible for displaying art and image data effectively and meaningfully to the user. It is also used to process data received from the physical world. The development of computer graphics has had a significant impact on many types of media and has revolutionized animation, films, advertising, video games and graphic design in general.
The precursor sciences for the development of modern computer graphics were the advances in electrical engineering, electronics and television that took place during the first half of the 20th century. The displays could show art from the Lumiere brothers' use of mattes to create special effects for early films dating back to 1895, but such displays were limited and non-interactive. The first cathode-ray tube, Braun's tube, was invented in 1897 - it would in turn allow the oscilloscope and the military control panel - the most direct precursors in the field, as they provided the first two-dimensional electronic screens responding to programming Or User input. However, computer science was relatively unknown as a discipline until the 1950s and the post-World War II period - during which the discipline emerged from a combination of pure university and laboratory research in more advanced computers and the development of US military technologies such as radar , Advanced aviation and the rocket developed during the war. New types of screens are needed to process the wealth of information resulting from such projects, which led to the development of computer graphics as a discipline.