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Perfume is a mixture of fragrant essential oils and aroma compounds, fixatives, and solvents used to give the human body, objects, and living spaces a pleasant smell.Perfume comes from the Latin “per” meaning “through” and “fumum,” or “smoke.” Many ancient perfumes were made by extracting natural oils from plants through pressing and steaming. The oil was then burned to scent the air. Today, most perfume is used to scent bar soaps. Some products are even perfumed with industrial odorants to mask unpleasant smells or to appear “unscented.”Aroma VocabularyAccord: An accord is the perfumery equivalent to a chord in music. It’s a blend of 2 or more smells that produce a third and distinctive smell. An accord may be a simple mixture or consist of many components and applies when each component material is in balance and harmony with each other material so that no single component can be detected. Aroma Chemical: Any chemical compound created and used for its aromatic properties. Aroma chemicals could be isolates of essential oils, the chemical modification of those isolates, or synthetic compounds from petrochemicals Body: The main fragrance theme – the middle note or “heart” of a perfume, it is also used to describe a fragrance that is well-rounded or full. Balanced: This is when a fragrance has been so carefully blended that no single aromatic body or effect is readily identifiable. Bottom (base) Note: The underlying components of a fragrance, responsible for its lasting qualities, often referred to as fixatives. Bridge: The ability of a scent (single oil or accord) to connect two notes of a fragrance and thus smoothing the transition from one phase to another Character: The distinct impression that the fragrance gives (fresh, fruity, floral etc…) Diffusion: The degree in which the fragrance radiates from the product or the user after the application of the product Dry down: The final phase of a fragrance — the bottom note, the character which appears several hours after application Perfumers evaluate the bottom (base) notes and the tenacity of the fragrance during this stage. Fixative: A material used in a perfume to “fix” the perfume or make it last longer. Fixatives may be simply materials that are relatively longer lasting than the other components or they may have some physical or chemical effect of forming bonds with the other materials. Lift: The impact of fragrance highly diffusive fragrances has a good “lift”. Middle (heart) Note: The core of a perfume composition which gives it its character the middle or “heart” note makes up the main part of a fragrance and determines the classification or fragrance family. Note(s): One of three distinct periods in the evaporation of a perfume, (see: top note, middle note, bottom note). This also indicates an olfactory impression of a single smell. Strength: The intensity of the fragrance Thread: The term “common” thread describes a fragrance’s ability to flow from one phase to another in a cohesive rather than a discordant fashion. Top Note: The impression of a fragrance when first smelled or applied to the skin usually the most volatile ingredients in a perfume the materials in the formulation that show themselves in the first stages of evaporation Volatility: The degree in which a component freely diffuses into the atmosphere