AERODYNAMICS


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There are 2 concepts of aerodynamics used in F1. one is called Drag Force.
It is the air flow that would go through opposite direction to moving object. Therefore, the reducing of the drag force result in increase of the speed.
Drag force can be calculated by using the equation F=½CADν², where C= coefficient of drag, that depends on the shape; A= frontal area (the area that would be in contact with the air); D= density of the air; v= the velocity of the object.
There is turbulence, that is the disturbance of the airflow and the part of drag force.


Drag


Drag is the air flow that would go through opposite direction to moving object.
Reducing of drag results in increase of the speed.
It can be calculated with F=½CADν²



Down ward Force


It is created by Bernoulli’s effect and ground effect to keep the car on the track.


A small plane can take off at slower speed than what could be generated by ground effect, about 230mph. Therefore downward force is needed for racing.


GROUNDING EFFECT


The ground effect is low pressure area between bottom of the car and the ground. The underbody venturi tunnel creates a low pressure area between the car and the track creating suction to the car form the track.



Front wing


Front part is minimized to increase speed. By minimizing the front area results in reducing of coefficient of drag that will decrease the force act on. This is based on a equation drag F=½CADν².
In addition, they lowered the front wing to use the ground effect.
At the side of the wing, there is something called end plate; for to reduce the turbulence front wing that could affect the front wheel airflow.