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06-10-2017, 11:27 PM

Can you please give a few points on that with a little description ?

jaseela123d · 17-10-2017, 12:27 PM

A multivibrator is an electronic circuit that is used to implement a variety of simple two state devices, such as relaxation oscillators, timers, and flip-flops. It consists of two amplification devices (transistors, vacuum tubes or other devices) coupled crosswise by resistors or capacitors. The first multivibrator circuit, the astable multivibrator oscillator, was invented by Henri Abraham and Eugene Bloch during World War I. They called their circuit a "multivibrator" because their output waveform was rich in harmonics.

The three types of multivibrator circuits are:

• Stable multivibrator, in which the circuit is not stable in any of the states, continuously changes from one state to another. It works like a relaxation oscillator.

• Monostable multivibrator, in which one of the states is stable, but the other state is unstable (transient). A pulse causes the circuit to enter the unstable state. After entering the unstable state, the circuit will return to steady state after a set time. Said circuit is useful for creating a fixed period of time in response to some external event. This circuit is also known as a shot.

• Bistable multivibrator, in which the circuit is stable in any state. It can be rotated from one state to another by an external trigger pulse. This circuit is also known as a flip-flop. It can store some information and is widely used in digital logic and computer memory.

Multi-vibrators find applications in a variety of systems where square waves or time intervals are required. For example, prior to the arrival of low-cost integrated circuits, multivibrator chains are used as frequency dividers. A free-running multivibrator with a frequency of half to one-tenth of the reference frequency would be precisely blocked at the reference frequency. This technique was used in the first electronic organs, to maintain notes of different octaves with precision in tuning. Other applications included early television systems, where the different frequencies of lines and frames were kept synchronized by pulses included in the video signal.

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