Advantages of bio chips .in the feild of biotechnology

advantages and disadvantages of biochip

The accurate detection of mycobacterial species from isolates and clinical samples is important for pathogenic diagnosis and treatment and for disease control. There is an urgent need for the development of a rapid, simple, and accurate detection method. We established a biochip assay system, including a biochip, sample preparation apparatus, hybridization instrument, chip washing machine, and laser confocal scanner equipped with interpretation software for automatic diagnosis. The biochip simultaneously identified 17 common mycobacterial species by targeting the differences in the 16S rRNA. The system was assessed with 64 reference strains and 296 Mycobacterium tuberculosis and 243 nontuberculous mycobacterial isolates, as well as 138 other bacteria and 195 sputum samples, and then compared to DNA sequencing. The entire biochip assay took 6 h. The concordance rate between the biochip assay and the DNA sequencing results was 100%. In conclusion, the biochip system provides a simple, rapid, reliable, and highly accurate clinical assay for determination of mycobacterial species in a 6-h procedure, from either culture isolates or sputum samples, allowing earlier pathogen-adapted antimicrobial therapy in patients.

Applications of Biochip: Applications of Biochip Tracing of a person/animal, anywhere in the world is possible Can store and update financial, medical, demographic data. Replaces passports, cash, medical records Secured E- Commerce system

BIOCHIP AS GLUCOSE DETECTOR: BIOCHIP AS GLUCOSE DETECTOR The chip will allow diabetics to easily monitor the level of the sugar glucose in their blood. A light-emitting diode (LED) in the biochip starts off the detection process Glucose is detected because the sugar reduces the amount of light that the fluorescent chemical re-emits. The more glucose there is the less light that is detected.

BIOCHIP AS OXYGEN SENSOR: BIOCHIP AS OXYGEN SENSOR The oxygen sensor will be useful to monitor breathing in intensive care units, The oxygen-sensing chip sends light pulses out into the body. The light is absorbed to varying extents, depending on how much oxygen is being carried in the blood, The rushes of blood pumped by the heart are also detected, so the same chip is a pulse monitor.

BIOCHIP AS BLOOD PRESSURE SENSOR: BIOCHIP AS BLOOD PRESSURE SENSOR A continuous monitoring of BP is required in the aged people & Patients. A huge variety of hardware circuitry (sensors) is available in electronics to detect the flow of fluid are embedded into a biochip. It continuously monitor the blood flow rate & when the pressure is in its low or high extremes it can be immediately informed through the reader hence to take up remedial measures.

SALIVA ALERTS ABOUT A HEART ATTACK VIA NANO- BIO CHIP : SALIVA ALERTS ABOUT A HEART ATTACK VIA NANO- BIO CHIP Compact Nano-bio-chip sensor devices that are biochemically-programmed to detect sets of these proteins in the saliva. The chip provides information on current risk of the patient. These tests dramatically improve the accuracy and speed of cardiac diagnosis.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Biochips: Advantages and Disadvantages of Biochips ADVANTAGES To rescue the sick To locate downed children To identify person uniquely. In monitoring health condition of individuals Thousands of biochemical reactions can be performed simultaneously DISADVANTAGES They raise critical issues of personal privacy. They mark the end of human freedom and dignity. There is a danger of turning every man ,women, and Child into a controlled slave. "It is very dangerous because once kidnappers get to know about these chips, they will skin people to find them,"

CONCLUSION : CONCLUSION Biochips are fast, accurate, miniaturized, and can be expected to become economically advantageous attributes that make them analogous to a computer chip. One expects to see an accelerated trend of ultra-miniaturization Since the potential applications are vast, both for research and for clinical use, the potential markets for biochips will be huge.