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BY:
SUJIT R. KSHIRSAGAR
A-37
Guide- Prof. M.V. Walame


Introduction

Intelligent on-board systems
Safety: The most critical aspect of the design
Reduce the chance of accident
Enhance the safety occupants
Increase driving efficiency
Reduce driver fatigue

Need Of ADAS

Avoid accidents due to manual errors.
To safely maneuver the road
To foresee early events that may negatively affect safety
To increase driving efficiency

Advanced driver assistance systems
Vehicle navigation system
Adaptive cruise control
Collision avoidance system
Automatic vehicle locator
Intelligent headlight control
Driver drowsiness detection system
Gear shift indicator
Pedestrian detection system
Blind spot detection system
Lane departure warning system

Classification of ADAS

Longitudinal control
Lateral control
Other

Design Principles For ADAS

Driver in loop
Control elements
Operational elements
Display elements

Adaptive Cruise Control

A sensor (LIDAR/RADAR)
Control unit
Control area network
Actuators


Benefits of Adaptive Cruise Control

Stress free driving
Predictive driving
Low fuel consumption
Higher level safety
Optimal performance in any weather conditions

Pedestrian Detection System

Computer vision
Detection of moving and static frame
Classification of pedestrian
Necessary controls

Driver Drowsiness Detection System

CMOS web camera
Image processing unit
Data acquisition unit
Control unit

Some other ADAS
Intelligent headlamp control
Vehicle navigation system
Blind spot detection
Collision avoidance system
Lane departure warning system

Behavioral Effects Of ADAS
Decreased drive load
Mental workload
Trust on automation
Reliability of automation
Ignorance towards continuous warning

Conclusion: Attitude Towards ADAS
Acceptance of ADAS
Willingness to handle controls over to a device
All sub systems of ADAS should be fail safe ready

Manufacturers
All leading automobile manufacturers viz. Audi, BMW, Mercedes-Benz, General Motors, Volkswagen, Acura, Volvo, Renault
Continental online
Delphi
Motorola
Siemens
Saab

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Presented By
R.Vijay

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ADVANCED DRIVER ASSISTANCE SYSTEMS
What is this?
• Decrease pressure on driver
• Alert the driver as early as possible to an impending danger
• Warn him or her if there is no driver reaction to the first alert and
• Actively assist or ultimately intervene in order to avert the accident or mitigate its consequences.
Power Steering
• Embedded system assisted steering wheel
• Turning the steering wheel slightly will result in considerable turning of the front wheels
• Very less stress on the hands
Parking Assistance
• Assists in maneuvering from a traffic lane into a parking place
• Cameras or obstacle detectors estimate distance from surrounding obstacles
• Guide the vehicle to the parking spot
• In Vehicle Navigation System
Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS):
Allow electronic receivers to determine their location and thus find their way through a map
Traffic Message Channel (TMC)
Delivers traffic and travel information to drivers
Helps choose best path to destination
Autonomous Cruise Control
• Allows the vehicle to slow when approaching another vehicle and accelerate again to the preset speed when traffic allows.
• Use either a radar or laser to detect cars or obstacles in front
Blind Spot Detection
• Blind spot: areas outside of the vehicle that cannot be seen while looking forward or through optical aids.
• Uses radar to detect vehicles in blind spot
Traffic sign recognition
• Technology by which a vehicle is able to recognize the traffic signs put on the road
• Camera detects signs and relays it to the driver
• The idea is to improve road safety as driver may miss any sign
Collision Avoidance System
• Warn its driver of any dangers that may lie ahead on the road
• Checks if car speed needs to be reduced while going around a curve, and how close the car is to going off the road
Emergency Brake Assist
• Alerts when vehicle comes very close to an obstacle
• If driver does not respond emergency brakes are engaged
• Considerably reduce stopping distance
Lane Departure Warning System
• Warn a driver if the car is moving out of a lane
• Alarm is sounded or steering vibrates in order to
Driver Fatigue Detection System
• Observe eyelids of the driver
• If they are half closed, alarm the driver to bring him to consciousness
• Steering wheel vibration is the preferred technique to wake up the driver

Traffic sign recognition
• Technology by which a vehicle is able to recognize the traffic signs put on the road
• Camera detects signs and relays it to the driver
• The idea is to improve road safety as driver may miss any sign

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In order to reduce these issues, we have introduced a security system biometric through the identification of the iris that will help in the documentation and detection of sleep and improvement of the operating system alert through the monitoring of both the driver's eyes as well as senseing difference body temperature by sensing thermal infrared.

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ADVANCED DRIVER ASSISTANCE SYSTEM
1. INTRODUCTION
With the development of advanced driving assistance systems, in-vehicle communication and information systems, there are situations where the driver becomes overloaded by information, creating potentially dangerous conditions. In this thesis a novel strategy is proposed, to priorities and present information firstly two main criteria are extracted, that allow the ability to rank messages: the risk associated with the non-presentation of the message, and its relevance to the environment. fuzzy cognitive maps enable to represent expert knowledge and model these relationships. secondly a strategy to present information is proposed using an importance index, calculated from the previous risk and relevance indices, but also information nature, time constraints and access frequency, a set of best interfaces is selected.
Further more design a model of driver workload is designed, based on the multiple resources theory. by estimating in real time the workload of the driver, the system enables to choose an optimal interface that should prevent overload. this thesis presents then the tools developed for the implementation and testing of the model. a video capture and data transfer program, based on the ieee-1394 bus, enable in-vehicle real-time data capture and collection. moreover, a software package for replay of the acquired data, analysis and simulation is developed finally the implementation of the prioritization and presentation strategy is outlined the last part of this work is dedicated to the experiments and results using an experimental vehicle, data in different driving conditions are collected the experiment is completed by creating data to simulate potentially dangerous situations, where driver is overloaded with information.
The results show that the information management and presentation system is able to prevent overload in most conditions. its structure and design allow to incorporate expert knowledge to refine the classification.
Every year in Europe alone, more than 40 000 casualties and 1.4 million injuries are caused by vehicle-related accidents. Although advances in passive safety have made passenger cars ever safer, the safety potential of further improvements in passive safety features is limited. However, active safety systems like ABS and ESP offer possibilities for improving traffic safety by assisting the driver in his driving task. In addition, advanced driver assistance systems (ADASs) have the potential to significantly reduce the number of road accidents. An ADAS is a vehicle control system that uses environment sensors (e.g. radar, laser, vision) to improve driving comfort and traffic safety by assisting the driver in recognising and reacting to potentially dangerous traffic situations.
Since an ADAS can even autonomously intervene, an ADAS-equipped vehicle is popularly referred to as an ‘intelligent vehicle’. As explained in more detail in several surveys the following types of intelligent vehicle systems can be distinguished:
• Driver information systems increase the driver’s situation awareness, e.g. advanced route navigation systems
• Driver warning systems actively warn the driver of a potential danger, e.g. lane departure warning, blind spot warning, and forward collision warning (FCW) systems .This warning then allows the driver to take appropriate corrective actions in order to mitigate or completely avoid the event.
• Intervening systems provide active support to the driver, e.g. an adaptive cruise control (ACC) system ACC is a comfort system that maintains a set cruise control velocity, unless an environment sensor detects a slower vehicle ahead. The ACC then controls the vehicle to follow the slower vehicle at a safe distance. ACC is intended for speeds above 30 km/h, but is currently being extended to a stop-and-go application for automated longitudinal control in low-speed complex environments, such as traffic jams and urban areas.
• Integrated passive and active safety systems. In addition to passive safety systems that are activated during the crash, a pre-crash system can mitigate the crash severity by deploying active and passive safety measures before a collision occurs. Pre-crash safety measures, such as brake assist and seat belt pre-tensioners, have recently been introduced on the market.
• Fully automated systems are the next step beyond driver assistance, and operate without a human driver in the control loop. Automated highway systems, using fully automated passenger cars, are expected to significantly benefit traffic safety and throughput, but are not considered for short-term introduction .
According to several surveys ADASs can prevent up to 40% of traffic accidents, depending on the type of ADAS and the type of accident scenario. Despite this safety potential, market penetration of ADASs has gone slow. Main challenges in this respect are customer acceptance and understanding of the added value, liability exposure, and regulatory issues. Drivers also expect an ADAS to meet high requirements in terms of (subjective) performance, reliability (low rate of false alarms), and safety (low rate of missed detections). Therefore, the ADAS must be tested for the wide variety of complex traffic situations that the system should be able to recognise and handle.

cud u plz upload the report of this seminar ppt u have uploaded...i hav already downloaded the ppt nd m very pleased!!!need to see the report

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plzz send this seminar on suhaspagar[at]gmail.com

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