20-10-2010, 03:24 PM
SUBMITTED BY
Mr. HEMANT R. AKUDE
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ABSTRACT
Weaving is an ancient craft in nature. It is a process in which threads are turned into clothes. The weaving is a process of formation of fabric with interlacement of two or more sets of yarns using a stable machine called loom.
Human beings have started using the woven fabrics since the drawn of history.
A loom is a mechanism or tool used for weaving yarn and thread into textiles. Since weaving is an ancient art and craft, different trends of weaving were followed in different countries. Over the years, different techniques of weft insertions have been developed. Age-old method is to use the shuttle. In the handloom it is thrown from one end of the warp sheet to another by hand. In power loom the same is done through use of power. In an automatic loom when the yarn on weft bobbin (pin) is exhausted it is changed automatically. These are all shuttle looms. There are other methods of insertion like through rapier, projectile and jet of water or air. Such weaving machines are known by their system of weft insertion e.g. rapier loom, projectile loom or machine and air jet loom. In the last 50 years the rates of weft insertion have gone up considerably. From a modest 150 m/ minute in 1950's to about 1,000-1500 m/ minute today.
After the elimination of global quota system, the textile industry is booming at a rocket speed. The world is on a new path of industrial revolution. Production and Quality are the two main things that any textile manufacturer has to keep up with. Starting from handlooms to the shuttle less looms used today, there has been a lot of innovations in the weaving machine. Today’s weaving machinery are far better than the conventional looms in many ways. All the developments that have taken place from the dawn of weaving is mainly for:
* Increasing productivity of the machine, because people realized that more productivity
will result in lesser manufacturing costs.
* To make the loom flexible for different kinds of fabrics.
Reduce downtime during style change. Thanks to QSC (Quick Style Change).
* The inherent problem of the shuttle mechanism was realized and this led to the latest
shuttle less technologies like rapier, projectile, and fluid jet.
We could see that the newer weaving machinery are simple in design, motions are
more reliable, and consume lesser energy and ultimately have lower maintenance cost.
